蜜蜂春季增长阶段饲料适宜蛋白质水平的研究
Effect of dietary protein level on colony development ofhoney bees (Apis mellifera ligustica) in spring
郑本乐**，李迎军，杨维仁，胥保华***
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作者单位：山东农业大学动物科技学院泰安271018
中文关键词：意大利蜜蜂，饲料，蛋白质水平，群势，取食量，初生重
英文关键词：Apis mellifera ligustica，bee bread，protein level，adult bee population，food consumption，emergent weightweight
中文摘要： 早春将群势、蜂王年龄和质量基本一致的30 群意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola，随机分为5 个
处理组和1 个对照组。处理组分别饲喂蛋白质水平为20% 、25% 、30% 、35% 和40% 的5 种代用花粉饲料，对照组 饲喂油菜花粉，观测饲料蛋白质水平对蜂群群势、取食量、初生重以及蜂体组织蛋白含量的影响。结果表明对照组中蜜蜂对油菜花粉的取食量最高，但仅显著高于蛋白质水平为40% 的饲料( P ＜ 0. 05) ;蛋白质水平为25%
30% 、35% 的处理组群势增长差异不显著(P ＞ 0. 05)，但均显著高于对照组(P ＜ 0. 05) ;随着饲料蛋白质水平升
高，工蜂初生重逐渐升高，在35% 到达最高值，随后又下降;饲喂蛋白质水平为20% 、25% 、30% 饲料的蜂体组织蛋白含量与对照组差异不显著(P ＞ 0. 05)，饲喂蛋白质水平为35% 、40% 饲料的蜜蜂体组织蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P ＜ 0. 05)。
英文摘要： A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary protein levels on the population growth，foodconsumption，emergent weight and body protein of Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola． In early spring，30 A． mellifera ligustica colonies of equal size，queen quality and age were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups and 1 control group．The treatment groups were fed experimental diets containing different amounts of dietary protein ( 20% ，25% ，30% ，35% ，40% )，and the control group was fed rape pollen． The results indicate that the food intake of the control colonies as significantly higher than that of the 40% protein group (P ＜ 0. 05) ． The adult population growth of the 25% ，30% and 35% protein groups were not significantly different ( P ＞ 0. 05)，but all were significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0. 05) ． The emergent weight of workers increased in colonies fed up to 35% dietary protein，but
decreased in colonies fed higher levels of dietary protein． There was no obvious difference in the body protein of the nurse worker bees between the control group and treatment groups receiving 20% ，25% and 30% dietary protein (P ＞ 0. 05)， but the body protein of nurse worker bees in the other treatment groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0. 05) ．