蜜蜂抗狄斯瓦螨机制的研究进展
Research progress of anti-mite (Varroa destructor) in honeybee
潘娇1，李志国1，吴俪楠2，苏松坤1**
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作者单位：1.浙江大学动物科学学院杭州310058； 2.浙江省畜牧兽医局杭州310020
中文关键词：蜜蜂，狄斯瓦螨，抗螨机制，选育
英文关键词：honey bee，Varroa destructor，tolerance character，selective breeding
中文摘要：狄斯瓦螨 Varroa destructor已蔓延至世界各地，给养蜂生产带来巨大挑战，被认为是世界养蜂业的主要威胁。因此，抗螨机制的研究和抗螨蜂种的培育显得尤为重要，而掌握蜜蜂的抗螨机制则是成功培育抗螨蜂种的前提条件。本文从行为、生理及分子机制等多个不同角度对国内外蜜蜂抗狄斯瓦螨机制研究的最新进展进行了详细的阐述。尤其是从分子水平研究蜜蜂的抗螨机制对选育抗螨蜂种具有重要意义，将为利用分子遗传辅助标记筛选方法和先进的生物工程技术并结合传统的育种手段成功培育出具有抗螨性能的优良蜜蜂品系奠定基础。
英文摘要： The global spread of Varroa destructor，one of the most destructive apicultural pests，has brought hugechallenges to beekeeping． Consequently，research on the tolerance mechanisms and breeding of Varroa tolerant honey beeshas become particularly important． Mastering tolerance mechanisms has become a prerequisite for the successful cultivationof honey bees． This review summarizes major advances in research on behavioral，physiological and molecular tolerance mechanisms toVarroa destructor． It is particularly important to study tolerance mechanisms at the molecular level as this can provide a genetic basis for cultivating tolerant breeds bees with the help of marker-assisted selection and advanced modern bio-engineering technologies，in combination with conventional breeding methods．