梨小食心虫迷向液剂的制备及应用研究
Research on using pheremone spray to disrupt the mating of Grapholitha molesta (Busck)
高越1，刘中芳1，杨兴翠2，郭瑞峰1，庾琴1，封云涛1，马四国3，张鹏九1，范仁俊1
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DOI：
作者单位：1. 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所太原030032; 2. 华南农业大学广州510642;
中文关键词：梨小食心虫，性信息素，迷向
英文关键词：Grapholitha molesta, sex pheromones, mating disruption
中文摘要：
解决梨小食心虫Grapholitha molesta (Busck)迷向丝和迷向管在田间防治使用时悬挂数量多、人工费时等问题，并实现梨小食心虫性信息素在整个防治区域均匀释放。【方法】采用相分离法制备获得了稳定的梨小食心虫迷向液剂，并参考《农药田间使用准则》进行了田间应用技术研究。【结果】在6月下旬至7月下旬，使用两次梨小食心虫迷向液剂后，150 g/667m2和200 g/667m2处理区的平均蛀果率分别为0.17%和0.13%，对照处理的平均蛀果率为1.75%，而未施药果园的平均蛀果率为5.04%。梨小食心虫迷向液剂150 g/667m2和200 g/667m2处理对梨小食心虫的防治效果显著好于对照处理和未施药处理。【结论】相分离法可制备稳定的梨小食心虫迷向液剂。6月下旬至7月下旬，使用两次梨小食心虫迷向液剂150 ～200 g/667m2对梨小食心虫成虫进行防治，可获得良好的迷向和防治效果，梨小食心虫迷向液剂的成功制备对于生产无公害和有机水果具有较好的经济和社会效益。
英文摘要：
【Objectives】The use of pheromone spray to disrupt the mating of Grapholitha molesta (Busck) is superior to the currently used time consuming methods of suspending large numbers of pheromone impregnated threads and tubes, and also achieves the uniform release of sex pheromones throughout the treatment area. 【Methods】We conducted a field experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of using pheromone spray to disrupt mating in this species. 【Results】The results show that fruit damage in the treatment zone was significantly less than in the untreated control zone. Average rates of fruit damage were 0.17% and 0.13% for pear orchards treated with 150 g/667m2 and 200 g/667m2,respectively, compared to 5.04% for control orchards.【Conclusion】The development of pheromone spray for G. molesta has the economic and social benefits of reducing pollution and producing organic fruits.