饥饿和交配对小地老虎飞行肌发育的影响
The effect of feeding and mating on the development of flight muscle in Agrotis ypsilon
王伟，尹姣，曹雅忠，李克斌
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DOI：
作者单位：中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室北京100193
中文关键词：小地老虎， 饥饿， 交配， 飞行肌超微结构， 飞行肌降解
英文关键词：Agrotis ypsilon, unfeeding, mating, ultrastructure of flight muscle, degeneration of flight muscle
中文摘要：
小地老虎 Agrotis ypsilon ( Rottemburg )成虫飞行肌的发育常受一些因素影响而发生变化，为探讨饥饿和交配行为对飞行肌发育的影响，通过电子显微镜对雌虫飞行肌（背纵肌）的肌原纤维、线粒体结构进行观察，结果显示：4日龄饥饿雌虫，肌原纤维直径、肌节长度、肌原纤维体积均显著（P<0.05）小于取食的。7日龄饥饿雌虫肌原纤维直径、肌节长度、肌原纤维体积分数较4日龄的差异均不显著（P≥0.05），而7日龄饥饿的肌原纤维直径显著（P<0.05）大于7日龄取食的；羽化10 d后，饥饿雌虫肌节长度显著（P<0.05）大于取食雌虫的，而肌纤维体积分数和线粒体体积分数均却小于后者。7、10、13日龄交配雌虫肌原纤维横切直径分别显著（P<0.05）小于同日龄非交配的；7、10、13日龄交配雌虫肌原纤维体积分数显著（P<0.05）小于非交配的，线粒体体积分数虽然无差异（P≥0.05），但是交配雌虫的早在4日龄便已明显（P<0.05）减小。上述结果表明：正常取食的小地老虎飞行肌4日龄后会发生降解现象；饥饿抑制飞行肌前期发育和中期的降解，而促进成虫末期肌原纤维的分解；交配能促进飞行肌的降解。
英文摘要：The development of flight muscles in adult Agrotis ypsilon ( Rottemburg ) can be influenced by a number of factors. The effects of feeding and mating behavior on the development of flight muscles, the structure of muscle fibres and mitochondria in flight muscles (dorsal longitudinal flight muscles) were observed using electron microscopy. By day 4 of the adult stage, the myofibrillar diameter, sarcomere length and myofibrillar volume fractions of hungry females were significantly less than those of feeding females. The myofibrillar diameter, sarcomere length and myofibrillar volume fractions of 7-day-old females without food were not significantly different from those of 4-day-old feeding females, but their myofibrillar diameter was significantly longer than those of 7-day-old females with food. 10 days after emergence, the sarcomere length of hungry females was significantly different from that of feeding females, and myofibrillar volume fractions and mitochondria volume fractions were both significantly lower than those of feeding females. Myofibrillar diameters of mating females 7, 10 and 13 days, respectively, after emergence were significantly smaller than those of unmated moths of the same ages. Myofibrillar volume fractions of mating females 7, 10 and 13 days after emergence were significantly less than those of unmated moths. Although mitochondria volume fractions showed no differences between these two groups at these ages, those of mating moths were significantly lower as early as 4 days after emergence. These results show that flight muscles of feeding females begin to degenerate after 4 days, and that hunger affects the development of flight muscles, preventing their degeneration in more mature moths but promotes their degeneration at the end of adult life. Mating also promotes degeneration of flight muscles.