黑翅土白蚁长翅生殖蚁生殖行为及配对方式研究
The reproductive behavior of Odontotermes fomosanus (Shiraki) alates
冀士琳1** 嵇保中1*** 刘曙雯2 曹丹丹1 刘佳佳1 杨锦锦1 张新慰1赵正萍1 王丽平1Ehsan SOLEYMANINEJADIAN1
点击：1907次 下载：38次
DOI：
作者单位：1. 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心，南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院 南京 210037；2. 南京中山陵园管理局 南京 210014
中文关键词：黑翅土白蚁，生殖行为，时辰节律，配对方式，室内建巢
英文关键词：Odontotermes fomosanus (Shiraki), reproductive behavior, 24-hour circadian rhythm, pairing modes, nest founded indoo
中文摘要： 【目的】 研究黑翅土白蚁Odontotermes fomosanus（Shiraki）生殖行为及不同配对方式对新巢发育的影响。【方法】 分别对雌虫、雄虫和配对的雌雄成虫生殖行为进行观察。将雌、雄虫组合成9种配对方式，室内建立170个新巢，分析初建巢生长发育状况。【结果】 成虫日活动节律的两个高峰期分别位于9:00—10:00和21:00—22:00，交配集中在高峰期进行，交配前雌雄成虫有触角触碰、首尾衔接成环、互相舔食的标志性行为。生殖蚁来源于同巢和异巢的处理组，在召唤、配对、串联、交配和产卵等生殖行为中均存在差异，来源于异巢的生殖蚁，其配对时间显著长于同巢（P<0.05）。未经分飞的成虫可交配、产卵且成功孵化，3个月后，新巢死亡率为0.61%~0.99%，而分飞蚁新建巢的死亡率为0.22%~0.58%。孤雌生殖可产卵，但卵不能孵化。【结论】 成虫的生殖行为有两个高峰期；远亲交配分飞蚁新建巢的生存竞争力最强。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To study the reproductive behavior and the effect of different pairing combinations on the developmental status of incipient colonies’of Odontotermes fomosanus (Shiraki). [Methods] We observed the reproductive behavior of male alates、female alates and paired alates respectively. Male and female alates had 9 pairing modes and founded 170 incipient colonies under laboratory conditions. The effect of pairing modes on incipient colonies’ developmental status was analysed. [Results] Two hours of peak mating activity within the 24-hour circadian rhythm of alate activity appeared from 09:00 to 10:00, and from 21:00 to 22:00, respectively. Courtship behavior before mating consisted of touching with antennae, connecting into a ring (head-to-end), and licking. The reproductive behavior (calling, pairing, tandem, mating and oviposition) of nestmate pairs was different to that of non-nestmate pairs. The pairing time of non-nestmate pairs was significantly longer than that of alates paired with siblings (P<0.05). The non-swarming alates could mate with swarming or non-swarming alates and lay fertile eggs which hatched successfully. However, the survival rate of nests founded by non-swarming alates was very low. The death rate of incipient colonies was in the range of 0.61%-0.99% after three months, while the death rate of the nests founded by swarming alates was in the range of 0.22%-0.58%. Females that had been experimentally prevented from mating could lay eggs, but the eggs did not hatch. [Conclusion] There are two distinct hourly peaks of mating activity within each 24 hour period. Incipient colonies found by outbreeding have the highest probability of survival.