昆虫海藻糖及其合成酶基因的特性与功能研究进展
Progress in research on the characteristics and functions of trehaloseand the TPS gene in insects
唐 斌1** 徐青叶1 赵丽娜1 王世贵1 张 帆2***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2014.167
作者单位：1. 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院，杭州 310036；2. 北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护所，北京 100097
中文关键词：海藻糖，海藻糖合成酶，海藻糖-6-磷酸脂酶，基因克隆
英文关键词：trehalose, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase, gene cloning
中文摘要：
海藻糖广泛存在于细菌、真菌、昆虫、无脊椎动物和植物等大量生物中。它不仅可以作为昆虫的能量来源，而且在抗逆等方面起着重要作用。海藻糖合成酶（Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase，TPS）是海藻糖合成过程中的一个关键酶。目前细菌、真菌和植物中都已经被发现和克隆，但其不存在于哺乳动物中。海藻糖是昆虫的“血糖”，主要通过海藻糖合成酶和海藻糖-6-磷酸脂（Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase，TPP）在脂肪体中催化合成。TPS基因所编码的蛋白序列一般都包含两个保守的结构域：TPS和TPP，分别对应着酵母中的OtsA和OtsB基因。昆虫海藻糖合成酶的基因表达和酶活性的变化与昆虫的多项生理过程有着密切的关系，海藻糖合成酶有可能成为控制害虫的新靶标。
英文摘要：
Trehalose can be used as an energy source, plays an important role in stress tolerance and is found in bacteria, fungi, insects, invertebrates, plants and a large number of other organisms. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is a key enzyme in trehalose synthesis that has been found and cloned in bacteria, fungi and plants but not in mammals. Trehalose is catalyzed in the fat body by trehalase synthase and trehalose-6-phosphatase (TPP) is the insect sugar. The protein sequences encoded by the TPS gene include two domains: TPS and TPP respectively, corresponding to the OtsA and OtsB genes in yeast. The discovery that TPS gene expression and enzyme activity changes are closely related to a number of physiological processes in insects which may lay the foundation for TPS as a new target for pest control.