贮存温度对麦蒲螨寄生能力的影响初探
Effect of storage temperature on the parasiticabilityofPyemotes tritici
刘 洁1** 骆有庆1 宗世祥1 王锦林2 宋东冰3 陶 静1***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2014.181
作者单位：1. 北京林业大学林木有害生物防治北京市重点实验室，北京 100083；2. 宁夏哈巴湖国家自然保护区管理局，盐池 751500；3. 宁夏森林病虫害防治检疫总站，银川 755000
中文关键词：麦蒲螨，贮存温度，油蒿害虫，寄生
英文关键词： Artemisia ordosica woodborers, storage temperature, parasitoids
中文摘要：
【目的】 麦蒲螨Pyemotes tritici（Newport）是油蒿主要钻蛀性害虫沙蒿大粒象Adosopius sp.和沙蒿尖翅吉丁Sphenoptera sp.的重要寄生性天敌，本文探讨了麦蒲螨的最佳贮存条件。【方法】 对麦蒲螨在不同贮存温度和不同降温方式处理后的寄生效果进行了分析。【结果】 0℃下贮存的麦蒲螨后代有着更强的寄生能力。在0℃条件下，麦蒲螨的贮存时间超过10 d后，随时间增长，麦蒲螨产出的后代数量随之减少，寄生能力随之下降。贮存温度超过0℃时，麦蒲螨的可贮存时间随温度升高而下降。采用不同低温贮存方式的麦蒲螨，回到常温条件后的恢复时间不同，所产出后代的寄生率以及个体大小也不同；梯度降温方式下贮存的麦蒲螨回到常温条件下后，恢复产出时间略高于直接降温方式，但是差异并不显著。【结论】 麦蒲螨的最佳贮存条件为0℃，贮存时间在10 d以内，该结果为麦蒲螨的低温贮存提供了理论支持。
英文摘要： [Objectives] Pyemotes tritici (Newport) is one of the most important parasitoids of woodborers such as Adosopius sp. and Sphenoptera sp. associated with Artemisia ordosica. [Methods] The influence of temperature and cooling mode on the parasitic ability of P. tritici were assessed. [Results] The offspring of P. tritici stored at 0℃ displayed stronger parasitic ability. When the storage temperature exceeded 10 d, the number of offspring and parasitic capacity decreased over time. When storage temperature exceeded 0oC, the maximum storage time of P. tritici decreased inversely with risingtemperature. Using different storage methods for P. tritici to reach low temperatures required different recovery times when returning to normal temperature conditions, and resulted in different parasitic rates and variable body size of the offspring. The recovery time of P. tritici stored after gradual cooling was slightly higher than that of parasitoids stored directly at low temperature. [Conclusion] The optimum storage conditions of P. tritici was 10 d at 0℃. These results provide theoretical support for the low temperature storage of P. tritici.