麦红吸浆虫不同监测与施药方法比较
Comparison of efficiency of monitoring, and pesticide application methods for, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
郝亚楠1，2 苗 进2 武予清2 仵均祥1 成卫宁1**
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2014.194
作者单位：1. 西北农林科技大学，农业部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，杨凌 712100；2. 河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所，郑州 450002
中文关键词：麦红吸浆虫，淘土法，黄板诱集法，药剂，施药方法
英文关键词： Sitodiplosis mosellana, sample soil elutriation, yellow sticky trap, pesticides, application methods
中文摘要：
【目的】 筛选出与麦红吸浆虫危害程度关系密切的监测方法，以及合适的施药方法与药剂种类，为有效控制其危害提供依据。【方法】 通过对淘土和黄板诱集两种监测方法所得虫量与小麦穗被害率和单穗虫口进行回归分析，确定其与危害程度的相关性；通过比较小麦孕穗期撒毒土、抽穗期喷雾施用吡虫啉和毒死蜱防治麦红吸浆虫后小麦穗被害率和单穗虫口，选出合适的药剂种类和施药方法。【结果】 小麦穗被害率和单穗虫口均与黄板监测到的成虫数量线性相关，与淘土所获幼虫量不相关。喷雾法和撒毒土法施用2种药剂后小麦穗被害率和单穗虫口呈现相同规律，即毒死蜱喷雾<毒死蜱毒土<吡虫啉喷雾<吡虫啉毒土。其中喷施毒死蜱处理的穗被害率与对照相比减少79.55%。【结论】 黄板诱集比淘土法更适合监测麦红吸浆虫危害情况，抽穗期是防治麦红吸浆虫的最佳时期，在此时喷施毒死蜱可有效控制其危害。
英文摘要：[Objectives] To determine the best monitoring and pesticide application methods for Sitodiplosis mosellana and thereby provide a basis for the effective control of this pest. [Methods] Soil elutriation and yellow sticky traps were used to analyze the relationship between the number of wheat midges and wheat infestation rate, as well as the number of larvae on each ear. Chlorpyrifos and Imidacloprid were applied in two different ways；by spraying and by poisoning the soil, and their relative effectiveness were compared. [Results] There was a significant relationship between the number of adult S. mosellana caught in yellow sticky traps and wheat infestation rate, as well as the number of larvae on each ear. Spraying Chlorpyrifos at the wheat heading stage was the most effective control method, reducing the infestation rate by 79.55% compared with the control. [Conclusion] Yellow sticky traps are more suitable for predicting damage to wheat crops by S. mosellana than the soil elutriation method, and spraying Chlorpyrifos at the heading stage is the best way of controlling S. mosellana on wheat crops.