联苯菊酯对烟粉虱毒力的快速测定技术优化和应用
Optimization and application of a rapid bioassay method of bifenthrin to Bemisia tabaci
曹 增** 张友军 吴青君 谢 文 王少丽***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.027
作者单位：中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京 100081
中文关键词：烟粉虱，联苯菊酯，玻璃管药膜法，毒力测定，诊断剂量
英文关键词：Bemisia tabaci, bifenthrin, glass tube residual film, toxicity bioassay, diagnostic dose
中文摘要：【目的】 烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)是一种外来入侵性的重大农业害虫，化学药剂是防治烟粉虱的主要手段。为了实现对烟粉虱成虫防治用药的科学快速筛选，本文拟研究并优化联苯菊酯对烟粉虱毒力的快速测定技术。【方法】 优化了一种烟粉虱成虫对联苯菊酯敏感度的毒力测定方法——玻璃管药膜法。具体方法是：在玻璃指形管的底部1/3处均匀涂抹配制好的一定浓度的杀虫药液，晾干后引入烟粉虱成虫，根据药剂作用特性确定合适的时间来观察试虫的死亡情况。应用该方法测定了联苯菊酯对室内饲养的烟粉虱成虫进行快速毒力测定，确定药剂的诊断剂量，最后检测了制作的玻璃管药膜放置于不同条件下对烟粉虱的检测灵敏度。【结果】 优化的玻璃管药膜法测定结果稳定，重复性好，可快速测定化学药剂对田间烟粉虱成虫的毒力；4°C条件下避光存放制作的药膜玻璃管一个月后，仍可以保持其稳定的检测灵敏性。【结论】 本研究中优化的玻璃管药膜法，操作及测定方法简便快速，试虫需要量少，1/3玻璃管内部涂药还可减少试验的用药量，该方法也可用于其它具有飞行能力的昆虫毒力测定试验中，为田间害虫的科学选药提供一种快速测定手段。
英文摘要：[Objectives] The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important invasive insect pest on the agricultural crops and chemical control is still the main method up to now. In order to get the effective insecticides for the whiteflies, the bioassay method for the whitefly adults through residual film in glass tube was optimized and applied in this study. [Methods] The bifenthrin solution was laid on the 1/3 inner wall to the bottom of the glass tube. The B. tabaci adults were released into the glass tubes when the insecticide film were dried and were forced to be kept at the bottom using the cotton plug. The mortality of the tested whiteflies was investigated after several hours determined according to toxicity characters of insecticides. The toxicity of bifenthrin to the whitefly adults were measured using this method and the diagnostic dose was confirmed. The measurement susceptibility of the insecticide film in the glass tube kept at different conditions was monitored finally. [Results] The results showed that the residual film method was stable and had good repeatability, and could be used to measure the insecticide susceptibility to the B. tabaci in the field quickly. The residual film in the glass tube can keep its stable sensitivity at 4°C for at least one month. The method in this study was confirmed to be quick and simple. [Conclusion] Few tested insects were needed in this bioassay method and the insecticide quantities tested were also low due to the 1/3 volume inner wall being covered by the insecticide film. This bioassay method could also be used on the other flying insects, which provides a quick practical method for the insecticide selection in the field.