安徽省七种蜜蜂病毒的发生与流行研究
Occurrence and distribution of seven bee viruses in Apis melliferaand Apis cerana in Anhui Province, China
汪天澍1** 施腾飞2 刘 芳2 余林生2*** 齐 磊2 孟祥金3
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.035
作者单位：1. 安徽农业大学植物保护学院，合肥 230036；2. 安徽农业大学动物科技学院，合肥 230036；3. 安徽省农委畜牧技术推广站，合肥 230031
中文关键词：意大利蜜蜂，中华蜜蜂，蜜蜂病毒，RT-PCR
英文关键词：Apis mellifera, Apis cerana, honey bee virus, RT-PCR
中文摘要：
【目的】 调查安徽省内7种常见蜜蜂病毒：蜜蜂畸翅病毒（Deformed wing virus，DWV）、以色列急性麻痹病毒（Israeli acute paralysis virus，IAPV）、急性蜜蜂麻痹病毒（Acute bee paralysis virus，ABPV）、慢性麻痹病毒（Chronic bee paralysis virus，CBPV）、黑蜂王台病毒（Black queen cell virus，BQCV）、囊状幼虫病病毒（Sacbrood virus，SBV）、克什米尔病毒（Kashmir bee virus，KBV）的感染发生情况，为安徽养蜂业可持续健康发展提供理论依据。【方法】 运用反转录RT-PCR和序列分析比对的方法对安 徽省内21个乡镇中的38个蜂场蜜蜂样品进行研究分析，以获得以上7种蜜蜂病毒的特异性发生情况。 【结果】 意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera蜂场感染率：DWV（64%），IAPV（43%），CBPV（32%），ABPV（14%）， BQCV（11%）；中华蜜蜂 Apis cerana 蜂场感染率：DWV (80%)，IAPV (40%)，CBPV (30%)，ABPV (10%)，BQCV（0）。SBV和KBV在所有的蜜蜂样品中均未检测到。【结论】 DWV，IAPV，CBPV，ABPV，BQCV在安徽省内大范围都存在发生流行现象，SBV和KBV对安徽蜜蜂的潜在危害可能性小。
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英文摘要：
[Objectives] To conduct the first detailed survey of seven bee viruses; deformed wing virus (DWV), sacbrood virus (SBV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), and Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), in Apis mellifera and A. cerana in Anhui. We hope this work will help bee researchers and related institutions monitor honey bee health in Anhui, and warn them of the potential threat from bee viruses to the sustainable development of apiculture in that province. [Methods] We used reverse transcriptase PCR and sequence analysis to survey the above seven honey bee viruses in most of Anhui. Samples of worker bees were collected from apiaries in 21 towns, including 28 samples of A. mellifera and 10 of A. cerana. [Results] Virus frequencies in A. mellifera samples were as follows; 64% of apiaries were infected with DWV, 43% with IAPV, 32% with CBPV, 14% with ABPV, 11% with BQCV, and none with SBV or KBV. Only four viruses were detected in A. cerana samples; DWV (80% of apiaries), IAPV (40%), CBPV (30%), and ABPV (10%). Simultaneous multiple viral infections were common in both species. [Conclusion] The DWV, IAPV, CBPV, ABPV and BQCV viruses are now widespread in apiaries in Anhui.