乙基多杀菌素对棉铃虫解毒酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响
Effects of spinetoram on detoxifying enzyme and acetylcholin esterase activity in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)
谢丙堂** 张丽丽 王冰洁 梁革梅***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.070
作者单位：中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室，北京 100193
中文关键词：乙基多杀菌素，棉铃虫，敏感性，解毒酶，乙酰胆碱酯酶
英文关键词：spinetoram, Helicoverpa armigera, susceptibility, detoxifying enzymes, acetylcholin esterase
中文摘要：
【目的】 乙基多杀菌素（Spinetoram）是一种新型杀虫剂，为深入了解其对棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)的作用效果和作用机制，本研究测定了我国不同地区田间棉铃虫种群对乙基多杀菌素的敏感基线，并比较了不同剂量（LC15、LC40、LC60和LC80）处理后棉铃虫体内解毒酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的变化。【方法】 采用药膜法，对采自不同地区的田间棉铃虫幼虫进行了毒力测定；采用酶标板动力学方法测定了乙基多杀菌素处理对棉铃虫幼虫4种酶活性的影响。【结果】 乙基多杀菌素对棉铃虫有很好的胃毒效果，与阿维菌素相比，乙基多杀菌素杀虫活性高、见效快、不同地区间差异小；乙基多杀菌素处理后棉铃虫羧酸酯酶和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性显著降低，且随着处理剂量的增加活性下降明显，各剂量处理后棉铃虫两种酶活性抑制率分别为52.14%~89.46%和8.09%~49.81%；而棉铃虫在取食含乙基多杀菌素的饲料后，各处理组棉铃虫多功能氧化酶活性表现为先升高、再降低、再升高的趋势，LC15剂量处理时活性最高，比对照增加147.75%；乙酰胆碱酯酶活性随处理剂量增加逐渐升高，活性最高比对照增加96.69%。【结论】 乙基多杀菌素对棉铃虫的杀虫效果明显优于阿维菌素，具有广阔的应用前景；乙基多杀菌素处理棉铃虫引起羧酸酯酶和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性降低、乙酰胆碱酯酶和多功能氧化酶活性升高。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To investigate the efficacy of the novel pesticide spinetoram as a means of controlling the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and the mechanism through which this pesticide affects insect pests. [Methods] The baseline susceptibility of H. armigera collected from different regions were tested, and changes in their detoxifying enzyme and acetylcholin esterase activity measured, after exposure to different doses of spinetoram (LC15，LC40，LC60，LC80). The toxicity of spinetoram to H. armigera was tested by spraying the chemical on food, and enzyme activity was measured by measuring enzyme kinetics. [Results] Compared to abamectin, spinetoram had high toxicity to H. armigera, achieving higher mortality faster, and differences in susceptibility among populations were small. After treatment with spinetoram, carboxylesterase (CarE) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity significantly reduced in a dose-dependent fashion. The inhibition ratios of these two kinds of enzyme in H. armigera after treatment with different doses of spinetoram were 52.14%-89.46% and 8.09%-49.81%, respectively. However, the activity of mixed-functional oxidase (MFO) following treatment with different doses of spinetoram first increased, reduced and increased again; maximum MFO activity was 147.75% higher than that of the control. Acetylcholin esterase (AchE) activity increased with the dosage of spinetoram to a maximum of 96.69% compared to the control. [Conclusion] Spinetoram is highly effective against H. armigera compared to abamectin and has good prospects for controlling this pest in the field. The activity of CarE and GST significantly reduced in H. armigera larvae after treatment with spinetoram, whereas, the activity of AchE and MFO increased.