西花蓟马对二斑叶螨为害后番茄的行为反应及挥发物成分分析
Behavioral responses of Frankliniella occidentalis to tomato plants infested with Tetranychus urticae and analysis of the volatile compounds of tomato plants
温 娟** 郅军锐*** 吕召云 李顺欣
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.116
作者单位：贵州大学昆虫研究所，贵州省山地农业病虫害重点实验室，贵阳 550025
中文关键词：二斑叶螨，西花蓟马，番茄，寄主选择，挥发物
英文关键词：Tetranychus urticae, Frankliniella occidentalis, tomato, plants selectivity, volatile
中文摘要：
【目的】 为明确二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae为害番茄后诱导的防御反应对西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis行为的影响。【方法】 采用四臂嗅觉仪测定了西花蓟马对二斑叶螨不同密度和时间为害后番茄植株的选择行为，并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定了不同处理下番茄挥发物的成分，比较了它们的异同。【结果】 西花蓟马对二斑叶螨不同为害株的选择率与为害时间和为害密度密切相关，并且西花蓟马对二斑叶螨为害程度居中的番茄喜好性强。10种不同处理番茄挥发性物质种类、含量及其比例在各处理间存在较大差异，二斑叶螨为害后诱导番茄新产生了香橙烯，并且在为害程度较高的番茄上检测到邻-异丙基苯、2-甲基-1-丁醇和(E)-2-己烯醛3种化合物。结合嗅觉仪的结果，推测间伞花烃和邻-异丙基苯对西花蓟马具有一定的驱避作用，对伞花烃和1-辛烯-3-醇对西花蓟马具有一定的引诱作用。【结论】 西花蓟马对二斑叶螨为害程度居中的番茄植株有一定的偏好，二斑叶螨为害能诱导番茄挥发物种类和含量的变化，并且与螨害的密度和时间有关。
英文摘要：[Objectives] To investigate the effects of tomato plants infested with Tetranychus urticae on the behavioral responses of Frankliniella occidentalis. [Methods] The behavioral responses of F. occidentalis to tomato plants infested with different densities of T. urticae for different periods of time were tested in a four-armed olfactometer. Volatiles emitted by tomato plants with different densities of T. urticae were identified by GC-MS and compared. [Results] The preference of F. occidentalis for tomato plants infested with T. urticae was closely related to the period of infestation and density. F. occidentalis was more likely to select tomato plants with a moderate amount of damage. Volatile compounds differed among tomato plants with different densities and durations of infestation by T. urticae; Aromadendrene. O-Cymene, 2-Methyl-1-Butanol and (E)-2-Hexenal were only emitted by plants with a relatively high degree of damage. M-Cymene and O-Cymene could be repellent to F. occidentalis, whereas P-Cymene and 1-Octen-3-ol are attractive to this species. [Conclusion] F. occidentalis were most attracted to tomato plants that had sustained moderate damage from T. urticae. Different densities and durations of infestation by T. urticae affected the volatile compounds emitted by tomato plants.