人工释放苜蓿切叶蜂的营巢行为观察
Nest building behavior of released alfalfa leafcutter bee, Megachile rotundata, in the alfalfa field
王凤鹤1**；杨 甫1***；耿金虎1；袁宝玲2
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作者单位：1北京市农林科学院农业科技信息研究所 北京 100097;2内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区瓜果蔬菜服务中心 内蒙古 015000
中文关键词：紫花苜蓿， 环境因子， 苜蓿切叶蜂， 筑巢
英文关键词：alfalfa, environmental factors(Megachile rotundata), leafcutter bee, nest
中文摘要：苜蓿切叶蜂Megachile rotundata Fabricius是紫花苜蓿的理想授粉昆虫，国内外已广泛利用切叶蜂为紫花苜蓿授粉，因此，对切叶蜂的田间活动行为分析具有重要的实践指导意义。对苜蓿切叶蜂的田间营巢行为进行观测，结果表明：整个花期切叶蜂均十分活跃，放蜂的第4天开始适应环境，正常活动，7月8～22日，切叶蜂最为活跃，进入蜂巢的切叶蜂数最高时达426头/蜂巢，每日10：00～16：00为活动高峰。每日每块蜂巢的封孔数最多为14个，平均每个蜂室封闭巢孔的数量最多为185个。
英文摘要：The alfalfa leafcutter bee (Megachile rotundata F.) is known as efficient pollinators for alfalfa, which is widely used in alfalfa pollination in recent years. So it is important to analyze the field activity of leafcutter bee. The nest building behavior was observed in the field. The results showed that leafcutter bees were active during the whole flowering period. It adapted to the environment in 4 days after release. During July 8～22, the highest number of foraging bees in one nest reached 426. The peak of activity was 10: 00～16:00 every day. Up to 14 cells in one nest were sealed in one day, and the average amount of sealed cells in one nest reached up to 185.