含不同表面活性剂的高效氟氯氰菊酯水乳剂对桃小食心虫的防治效果
Effects of different surfactants on the toxicity of beta-cyfluthrin EW to Carposina sasakii Matsumura (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae)
张鹏九** 高 越 史高川 郭瑞峰 刘中芳 封云涛 张润祥 范仁俊***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.138
作者单位：山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所，农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室，太原 030031
中文关键词：高效氟氯氰菊酯，表面活性剂，桃小食心虫，表面张力
英文关键词：beta-cyfluthrin EW, surfactant, Carposina sasakii, surface tension
中文摘要：
【目的】 在保证菊酯类农药防治桃小食心虫效果的基础上，降低乳油农药助剂和溶剂对环境的危害，开发农药新剂型。【方法】 研究了含不同表面活性剂的4种2.5%高效氟氯氰菊酯水乳剂的配方、热稳定性、制剂粒度、稀释液表面张力及其在苹果叶面的接触角，并在苹果园针对桃小食心虫进行了田间防治效果试验。【结果】 采用4种不同表面活性剂（FMEE、IS-TEO、宁乳34、农乳700）配比组成的4种高效氟氯氰菊酯水乳剂1号、2号、3号、4号，配方热贮后分解率低于5%，符合国标热贮稳定性的要求；粒径D50在0.85~2.12 µm处于水乳剂型理想范围；稀释液表面张力43.32~51.89 mN/m；稀释液在苹果叶面接触角为47.45°~74.38°，远低于水的表面张力，均能较好的附着于苹果叶表面。4种配方稀释2 000~ 3 000倍液对苹果桃小食心虫的防治效果为84.62%~100%，与对照药剂4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油无显著差异，较乳油制剂有机溶剂用量减少70%。【结论】 综合热稳定性、制剂粒径、稀释液表面张力、稀释药液在苹果叶面接触角、对苹果桃小食心虫防治效果及农药减量化使用等因素，推荐使用3号配方。
英文摘要： [Objective] To develop a new, more environmentally friendly pesticide for the control of Carposina sasakii Matsumura. [Methods] The thermal stability, particle size, surface tension and contact angle of four types of 2.5% beta-cyfluthrin EW were investigated with different surfactants, and the effectiveness of different formulations of this pesticide were tested on C. sasakii in an apple orchard. [Results] Decomposition rates of the four types of beta-cyfluthrin EW (1#, 2#, 3#, 4#) with different surfactants (FMEE、IS-TEO、Ningru34、Nongru700) were all < 5% after thermal storage, which complies with the national standard for thermal storage stability. D50 was in the range of 0.85-2.12 µm, which is the ideal range for EW. The surface tension of dilutions was 43.32-51.89 mN/m. The contact angle of dilutions on apple leaves was 47.45 o to 74.38o, which is considerably lower than surface tension of water, suggesting that the pesticide solution should have excellent adhesion to the apple leaf surface. A 2 000-3 000 part dilution of EW achieved 84.62%-100% mortality of C. sasakii. Compared to 4.5% beta-cyfluthrin EC, there was no significant difference in mortality between the four EW formulations tested. Compared to EC, EW contains 70% less organic solvents. [Conclusion] Based on factors such as thermal stability, particle size, surface tension, contact angle, control effect and pesticide reduction, 3# beta-cyfluthrin EW is recommended for the control of C. sasakii in apple orchards.