意大利蝗Calliptamus italicus(L.)飞行能力的研究
Study of the flight ability of Calliptamus italicus (L.)
任金龙** 赵 莉*** 赵雄飞 赵 炎
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.153
作者单位：新疆农业大学农学院，新疆农林有害生物监测与安全防控自治区重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830052
中文关键词：意大利蝗，飞行能力，卵巢发育，飞行日节律
英文关键词：Calliptamus italicus (L.), flight ability, ovarian development, flight daily rhythm
中文摘要：【目的】 明确意大利蝗Calliptamus italicus (L.)飞行能力，丰富意大利蝗迁飞生物学，提高预测预报水平。【方法】 2014年6—9月间利用昆虫飞行磨测定意大利蝗的飞行能力，研究其不同日龄、卵巢发育等级的飞行能力。【结果】 白日（8:00—20:00），意大利蝗雌成虫自2日龄开始飞行，至6日龄（飞行时间18.22 min，飞行距离231.01 m，飞行速度12.59 m·min-1，飞行百分比76.00%）飞行能力达显著最高（P<0.05），6~10日龄飞行能力逐渐降低；雄成虫2日龄的飞行能力显著最高（P<0.05），其飞行时间、飞行距离、飞行速度和飞行百分比分别为0.64 min、13.34 m、15.70 m·min-1、14.29 %，2~10日龄的飞行能力逐渐降低。不同等级卵巢与不同日龄的飞行能力的变化规律一致，其中Ⅱ级卵巢（6日龄）的飞行能力显著最高（P<0.05）。【结论】 意大利蝗乌鲁木齐地理种成虫具有一定的飞行能力。
英文摘要：[Objectives] To improve understanding of the migratory biology of Calliptamus italicus (L.) , and the ability to forecast outbreaks of this pest, by determining its flight ability. [Methods] We studied the relationship between flight capacity and age and between flight capacity and ovarian development, in a flight mill from June to September in 2014. [Results] During daylight hours (8 am. to 8 pm.), female adults started to fly at 2 days old. Their flight capacity improved significantly (P<0.05) until they were 6 days old, reaching maxima of 18.22 min flight time, 231.01 m flight distance, 12.59 m·min-1 in speed and 76.00 % of number engaged in flight. Flight ability decreased from 6 to 10 days of age. Male adults maximal flight statistics were; 0.64 min flight time, 13.34 m flight distance, 15.70 m·min-1 speed and 14.29 % of time engaged in flight. Male flight ability decreased from 2 to 10 days of age. Flight capacity varied significantly with age and ovarian development in female adults, among which 6 day old females adults had the strongest flight capacity (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Adults of the Xinjiang population of C.italicus have considerable flight ability.