不同色斑型异色瓢虫的同工酶比较
A comparative study on isozymes of different splash types of Harmonia axyridis
张思宇**；迟德富***；李 鹤；宇 佳
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中文关键词：异色瓢虫， 同工酶， 聚类分析， 主成分分析
英文关键词：Harmonia axyridis, isozyme, cluster analysis, PCA(principal components analysis)
中文摘要：采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板型电泳技术，对15种不同色斑型异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis(Pallas)的酯酶同工酶（EST）、过氧化氢同工酶（CAT）、淀粉酶（α- AMY）和苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）进行比较研究。结果表明：15份材料共获得25个同工酶位点，其中多态性位点20个，多态位点百分率为80％；根据酶带结果，利用NTSYSpc210e软件进行Jaccard相似系数分析，15种不同色斑型异色瓢虫遗传相似度为0.44～0.96，平均遗传距离为0.42；通过UPGMA聚类分析，在相似系数065处，15份瓢虫材料分为2大类群；主成分分析结果表明，显现变种、拟月斑变型和眼斑变型3种斑型瓢虫是异色瓢虫遗传变异的主线。
英文摘要：EST, CAT, α- AMY and MDH isozymes of fifteen splash types of Harmoniaaxyridis (Pallas) were studied using vertical PAGE. The results showed that a total of 25 isozyme loci were obtained, of which 20 loci were polymorphic (PPB=80%). According to the results, the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.44 to 0.96 The average genetic distance was 0.42 The clustering dendrogram was constructed by UPGMA method. Fifteen types were divided into two major groups between which the similarity coefficient was 0.65 PCA (Principal components analysis) clarified that three splash types (H. axyridis ab.conspicua Fald., H. axyridis ab.falcata Hem.and H. axyridis ab.circumscripta Hem.) would be the major parts of genetic variation in H. axyridis(Pallas).