二化螟人工饲料关键因子的优化及其优化配方的饲养效果
The optimized artificial diet of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis
刘慧敏1,2；李闪红1,2；王满2；张国安2**
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作者单位：1新疆塔里木大学植物科技学院 阿拉尔 843300; 2华中农业大学植物科技学院 昆虫生态研究室 武汉 430070
中文关键词：二化螟，人工饲料，正交试验，关键因子，优化配方，饲养效果
英文关键词：Chilo suppressalis, artificial diet, orthogonal design, key factors, optimal component, feeding result
中文摘要：
采用5因子4水平正交试验，将作者在以前筛选出的二化螟Chilo suppressalis (Walker)人工饲料的5个关键因子进行了进一步的优化，并得出了二化螟人工饲料的优化配方，其成分如下：稻茎粉18.75 g、大豆粉15.00 g、麦芽粉15.00 g、稻糠粉6.25 g、茭白茎粉7.50 g、干酪素10.00 g、酵母粉18.75 g、纤维素7.50 g、蔗糖15.00 g、葡萄糖7.50 g、维生素C 7.50 g、复合维生素B 3.00 g、胆固醇0.375 g、氯化胆碱0.25 g、Beck氏盐2.50 g、山梨酸1.35 g、琼脂13.49 g和自来水809.25 g。通过连续3代继代饲养试验，比较了该优化配方和二化螟天然饲料水稻茎的饲养效果。结果表明，在一些关键指标上（如存活率、化蛹率和羽化率等），所优化的二化螟人工饲料配方的饲养效果明显的好于其天然饲料水稻茎的；而在许多其它的指标上（如蛹期、成虫期、产卵量、卵期和孵化率等），该优化配方对二化螟的饲养效果与水稻茎的相当；但该配方饲养的二化螟在第3代时幼虫历期明显的比水稻茎的有所延长。
英文摘要：The composition of artificial diet for the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker), was further optimized by the second orthogonal design trial with 5 factors and 4 levels. The composition of the artificial diet was as follows: rice stem flour 18.75 g, soybean 15.00 g, wheat germ flour 15.00 g, rice chaff flour 6.25 g, wateroat flour 7.50 g, casein 10.00 g, yeast flour 18.75 g, cellulose 7.50 g, sucrose 15.00 g, glucose 7.50 g, vitamin C7.50 g, vitamin B 3.00 g, cholesterol 0.375 g, chlorination 0.25 g, Beck mix salt 2.50 g, Sorbic acid 1.35 g, Agar 13.49 g and tap water 809.25g. Evaluation of the optimized diet was carried out by comparison with the natural food, fresh rice stem, by rearing the rice stem borer for continuous three generations. It was concluded that the optimized artificial diet was better than the fresh rice stem evidently as far as some key criterions (for example, livability, rate of pupation and ratio of eclosion, etc. ) is concerned, and was as well as the natural food for the other criterions rest such as pupal period, imago lifespan, fecundity of adult female, egg duration, and hatching rate. However, the larval duration in the third generation fed on the optimized artificial diet was lengthened compared with those on fresh rice stem.