低温驯化对海滨斯氏线虫生化物质含量 及其生存活力的影响
Effects of cold acclimation on the biochemical content and survival of Steinernema litorale
张旭霞；韩岚岚；赵奎军；李东坡；高云雷；邓士群；刘凡
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2018.085
作者单位：东北农业大学农学院，哈尔滨 150030；东北农业大学农学院，哈尔滨 150030；东北农业大学农学院，哈尔滨 150030；东北农业大学农学院，哈尔滨 150030；东北农业大学农学院，哈尔滨 150030；东北农业大学农学院，哈尔滨 150030；东北农业大学农学院，哈尔滨 150030
中文关键词：海滨斯氏线虫，低温驯化，冷冻存活率，贮存稳定性，生化物质
英文关键词：Steinernema litorale, cold acclimation, freezing survival rate, storage stability, biochemical materials
中文摘要：【目的】 本文为明确海滨斯氏线虫Steinernema litorale开发应用的潜能和价值，研究了由本实验室从哈尔滨市香坊区原生态榆树根际土壤中分离到的海滨斯氏线虫的适低温特性。【方法】 采用25 ℃（6 d）、10 ℃（6 d）、4 ℃（6 d）和25 ℃（2 d）-10 ℃（2 d）-4 ℃（2 d）处理海滨斯氏线虫，分析该线虫冷冻存活率、不同温度处理后的贮存稳定性以及体内生化物质—可溶性糖、糖原、海藻糖、脂肪与蛋白质含量的影响。【结果】 海滨斯氏线虫经过25 ℃（6 d）、10 ℃（6 d）、4 ℃（6 d）和25 ℃（2 d）-10 ℃（2 d）-4 ℃（2 d）低温驯化，于﹣20 ℃冷冻36 h后的存活率分别为0.9%、23.6%、20.0%和49.2%，经25 ℃（2 d）-10 ℃（2 d）-4 ℃（2 d）处理的线虫冷冻存活率明显高于其它3组，阶段性降温显著提高了线虫耐寒力；将上述4组低温驯化后的海滨斯氏线虫置于4 ℃贮存7个月，其存活率差异不显著（P < 0.05），均为65%以上；25 ℃（6 d）驯化的线虫杀虫活性显著低于其他3个处理组线虫的杀虫活性。海滨斯氏线虫经25 ℃（2 d）-10 ℃（2 d）-4 ℃（2 d）阶段降温驯化后体内可溶性糖、脂肪、海藻糖含量最高且显著高于25 ℃（6 d）驯化的线虫体内可溶性糖、脂肪、海藻糖含量；25 ℃（6 d）驯化的线虫体内蛋白质、糖原含量与其他3个处理组差异不显著。【结论】 阶段降温的低温驯化更有利于提高海滨斯氏线虫耐寒能力，并能用于后期长期贮存。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To clarify the potential value of S.
litorale as a biological control agent, we studied the appropriate low
temperature characteristics of this species in rhizosphere soil from under elms in the Xiangfang district,
Harbin city. [Methods] S. litorale were exposed to
several temperature treatments, including 25 ℃ (6 d), 10 ℃ (6 d), 4 ℃ (6 d) and 25 ℃ (2 d)-10 ℃ (2 d)-4 ℃ (2 d), and their freezing survival
rate, low temperature dormancy, and biochemical (soluble sugar, glycogen,
trehalose, lipid and protein) content, measured and compared. [Results] The freezing survival rates of S.
litorale were 0.9%, 23.6%, 20.0% and 49.2% after cold acclimation at 25 ℃ (6 d), 10 ℃ (6 d), 4 ℃ (6 d) and
25 ℃ (2 d)-10 ℃ (2 d)-4 ℃ (2 d),
respectively, followed by a 36 h -20 ℃ freezing treatment. The freezing survival rates of S. litorale after 25 ℃ (2 d)-10 ℃ (2 d)-4 ℃ (2 d) was significantly higher than those of the other
three temperature treatments. Staged cooling significantly improved cold
tolerance. The survival rates of nematodes in the four treatment
groups were all above 65% and were not significantly different (P < 0.05) after they had been
kept at 4 ℃ for 7 months.
Mortality in the 25 ℃ (6 d) treatment group was significantly
lower than that in the other three treatment groups. The soluble sugar, lipid
and trehalose contents of the
25 ℃ (2 d)-10
℃ (2 d)-4 ℃ (2 d) treatment groups
were the highest; significantly higher than those of the 25 ℃ (6 d) treatment group.
The protein and glycogen content of the 25 ℃ (6 d) treatment group were not significantly different from those of the
other three treatment groups. [Conclusion] Cold acclimation by staged temperature reduction improves the cold
tolerance of S. litorale and can be used to maintain these animals in a
dormant state for prolonged periods.