北京及周边地区刺蛾科昆虫系统 发育多样性研究
Phylogenetic diversity of Limacodidae in the Beijing-Hebei region
李 晶1** 杨采青1 武春生2 张爱兵1***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.030
作者单位：1. 首都师范大学生命科学学院，北京 100048； 2. 中国科学院动物进化与系统学重点实验室，中国科学院动物研究所，北京 100101
中文关键词：刺蛾科；系统发育多样性；条形码；物种丰富度；温度季节性变化
英文关键词：Limacodidae; phylogenetic diversity; DNA barcodingspecies richness; temperature; seasonality
中文摘要：
【目的】 鳞翅目刺蛾科（Lepidoptera：Limacodidae）昆虫是重要经济、行道林木的主要害虫，本试验旨在研究北京及周边地区刺蛾科昆虫的系统发育多样性，阐明其群落结构组成与环境因子之间的关系，为北京及周边地区林木害虫防治和生态系统环境保护提供科学依据。【方法】 采用灯诱法于2010-2013年间进行样品采集，基于DNA条形码技术及形态特征对9个刺蛾科昆虫群落进行物种识别和鉴定，利用R软件包进行物种丰富度指数、多样性指数和系统发育多样性指数计算及相关性分析。【结果】 9个群落间物种多样性和系统发育多样性之间存在差异，北部燕山地区具有较高的物种丰富度和系统发育多样性，可能与植物类型不同有关；通过多种方法分别计算系统发育多样性，结果表明系统发育多样性指数对于系统发育树构建方法和物种内遗传差异不敏感；系统发育多样性与环境因子相关性研究结果表明，该地区刺蛾科群落系统发育多样性与温度季节变化存在显著正相关性。【结论】 北京及周边地区刺蛾科昆虫群落结构具有地理差异，温度季节变化可能会造成环境异质性的增加，从而增加了群落系统发育多样性的复杂度。
英文摘要：[Objectives] Lepidopteran species
in the family Limacodidae are among the main pests of plantation and urban
forestry. To clarify the relationship between community structure and
environmental factors in Beijing and surrounding areas, and thereby provide a
theoretical basis for forest pest control and ecosystem protection, we
investigated the phylogenetic diversity of 9 Limacodidae communities. [Methods] Samples were collected in the summer of
2010-2013 by lamp trapping and species identified using DNA barcoding technology. To
ensure the accuracy of species identification, morphological characteristics
were also used to identify species. Program R was used to calculate the
diversity index (including species richness and phylogenetic diversity), and
its correlation with 19 (Bio1-Bio19) environmental factors. [Results] Species diversity and phylogenetic
diversity differed among the 9 communities. Compared with the southern area,
the northern Yan-Shan area had higher species richness and phylogenetic
diversity, which might be related to floristic and climatic factors. The
phylogenetic diversity index was insensitive to different methods of
phylogenetic tree construction and genetic differences within species. There
was a significant positive correlation between phylogenetic diversity and the
seasonal variation of temperature in Beijing and surrounding areas. [Conclusion] The community structure of the Limacodidae in
Beijing and surrounding areas shows spatial differentiation. Seasonal changes
in temperature may increase environmental heterogeneity, which in turn affects
community phylogenetic diversity.