不同营养源添加的人工饲料对加州新小绥螨的生物学影响
Effects of artificial diets supplemented with different nutrient sources on the biology of Neoseiulus californicus
刘静月；吕佳乐；王恩东； 徐学农；王森山
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.082
作者单位： 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院，兰州 730070； 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，农业部作物有害生物综合防治重点实验室，北京 100193
中文关键词：加州新小绥螨；人工饲料；营养源；生物学参数
英文关键词：Neoseiulus californicus; artificial diets, nutrient source; biological parameter
中文摘要：【目的】 加州新小绥螨Neoseiulus californicus是世界范围内广泛分布的天敌捕食螨，对二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae防效显著。2010年我国发现其本土品系，并已实现规模化饲养。但传统饲养方法成本较高，为降低生产成本，本研究开展了人工饲料的相关试验。【方法】 本文对比了两种饲喂装置的饲养效果，采用3种营养源，以不同添加量配制8种人工饲料，饲喂加州新小绥螨，研究人工饲料对加州新小绥螨的生物学影响。【结果】 采用渗透装置，饲喂添加20%柞蚕蛹血淋巴的人工饲料饲养效果较好，加州新小绥螨可以完成生长发育，并产卵，产卵量为7.0粒/雌。用人工饲料饲养雌成螨，其产卵量为27.1粒/雌。【结论】 此研究结果对实现人工饲料规模化生产加州新小绥螨提供了重要信息。
英文摘要：Neoseiulus californicus is a globally distributed predatory mite that is an effective biological control for Tetranychus urticae. The first N. californicus population in China was discovered in 2010. Although this population has since been successfully mass reared, rearing costs are high. [Objectives] To reduce the costs of mass rearing N. californicus by developing an improved artificial food. [Methods] The relative merits of two kinds of rearing units and 8 kinds of artificial diets for rearing N. californicus were compared. [Results] Rearing efficiency was better using a “diet-permeated” rearing unit. The basic diet plus 20% haemolymph of tussah pupae was the best of the eight diets tested. N. californicus reared on this diet completed development and laid an average of 7.04 eggs per female. [Conclusion] Using a diet-permeated rearing unit and basic diet plus 20% tussah pupae haemolymph can potentially reduce the cost of mass producing N. californicus and other specialist predatory mites for biological control.