海南省三沙市空中昆虫类群结构研究
Diversity of airborne insects in Sansha City, Hainan Province
周先涌；赵胜园；陈少健；蔡 波；唐海荣；吴孔明
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.094
作者单位：福建农林大学植物保护学院，福州 350002；中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室，北京 100093；三沙市气象局，三沙 573199；海口海关，海口 570311
中文关键词：永兴岛；昆虫；群落结构；迁飞
英文关键词：Yongxing Island; insect; community structure; migration
中文摘要：【目的】 监测研究我国南海地区岛礁空中飞行昆虫群落结构，为探明该地区昆虫迁飞路径，建立重大农业迁飞性害虫跨区转移危害测报系统提供依据。【方法】 2017-2018年在海南省三沙市永兴岛建立监测平台，利用高空测报灯系统对永兴岛空中昆虫实时监测，并采集标本鉴定种类。【结果】 目前已鉴定214种，隶属11目70科183属。主要类群为鳞翅目90种（42.06%）、半翅目42种（19.63%）、鞘翅目36种（16.82%），包括稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis、小地老虎Agrotis ipsilon、小菜蛾Plutella xylostella、白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera和褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens等多种重要的迁飞性害虫，以及中华草蛉Chrysoperla sinica、黑肩绿盲蝽Cyrtorhinus lividipennis和黄蜻Pantala flavescens等迁飞性天敌昆虫。【结论】 研究结果证实了多种重大害虫在南海区域跨海迁飞转移危害和天敌随迁行为，丰富了对南海地区昆虫种群结构和物种多样性的认知。
英文摘要：[Objectives] Monitoring the species composition and migratory pathways of airborne insects on islands in the South China Sea can provide evidence of between-country migration of insects pests and help predict outbreaks of important agricultural insect pests in this region. [Methods] A monitoring platform was established on Yongxing Island, Sansha City, Hainan Province. One vertical search-light trap was used to collect aerial insect samples in real time from 2017 to 2018. [Results] A total of 214 insect species were identified belonging to 11 orders, 70 families and 183 genera. The main groups were the Lepidoptera (90 species, 42.06%), Hemiptera (42 species, 19.63%) and Coleoptera (36 species, 16.82%), and included many important migratory pests, such as Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Agrotis ipsilon, Plutella xylostella, Sogatella furcifera and Nilaparvata lugens, as well as migratory natural enemies, such as Chrysoperla sinica, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis and Pantala flavescens etc. [Conclusion] These results confirm that many insects undertake regular migratory activity between countries in the South China Sea, and improves our understanding of insect community structure and species diversity in the South China Sea.