我国刺吸电位技术三十年应用及创新
Three-decades of electrical penetration graph technique innovation in China
李静静；潘建斌；吴莉莉；卢少华；闫凤鸣
点击：1702次 下载：60次
DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.132
作者单位：河南农业大学植物保护学院，郑州 450002；河南农业大学理学院，郑州 450002；河南工业大学粮油食品学院，郑州 450001
中文关键词：刺吸电位技术；刺吸式昆虫；应用；创新；技术体系
英文关键词：electrical penetration graph; EPG; piercing-sucking insects; application; innovation; technique systems
中文摘要：刺吸电位技术（Electrical penetration graph，EPG）是研究刺吸式昆虫取食行为的电生理仪器及其配套技术体系。我国从20世纪90年代开始将刺吸电位技术引入生物学和农业科学领域，主要应用于昆虫与植物的关系、植物抗性机理、昆虫传毒机理、转基因安全性评价、全球气候变化等方面，研究所涉及的昆虫种类包括半翅目的蚜虫、粉虱、叶蝉、飞虱、介虫、木虱和缨翅目的蓟马等。自2007年以来举办了5次全国性的EPG技术培训和研讨会，并对EPG仪器进行了创新设计，实现了EPG仪器的国产化，大部分消耗品（如金丝、银胶等）可以实现国内供应。人工饲料上的EPG记录、指标体系的优化等与EPG相配套的技术体系不断完善。目前我国主要是应用EPG技术进行各类农林相关刺吸式昆虫的研究，而在欧洲和美国，除农林害虫外，EPG近年来也开始应用于医学昆虫和畜牧昆虫方面的研究。欧美在波形库构建、仪器原理等方面比我们具有优势，我国今后应该加强在EPG仪器自动化和可视化、波形自动识别、指标体系完善等方面的工作，同时培养能够应用EPG的年轻一代，尝试将EPG应用到医学昆虫领域。
英文摘要：The electrical penetration graph (EPG) and related techniques are an important electrophysiological tool for studying the feeding behavior of piercing-sucking insects. Since the 1990’s, EPG has been applied in a range of biological and agricultural researches in China, such as plant-insect interactions, plant resistance, virus transmission, safety assessment of transgenic crops and global climate change, and has been used on piercing-sucking (Hemiptera) agricultural or forestry pests, including aphids, whiteflies, leafhoppers, planthoppers, scale insects, psyllids and thrips (Thysanoptera). Five training courses and symposia on EPG have been held in China since 2007. New types of EPG instruments have been developed and manufactured in China and most consumable materials (such as gold wire and silver glue) are available domestically. EPG-related application techniques, for example, EPG recording of artificial diets (membrane-feeding) and variable systems, have been optimized. EPG is mainly applied to agricultural or forestry pests in China, whereas in Europe and the US it has also recently been applied in research on insects that affect human or animal health. Extensive research on the construction of EPG waveform libraries and basic instrumental principles has been done in Europe and the US. Further work is required to improve the automatization and visualization of EPG instruments, the automatic recognition of waveforms and the optimization of variable systems. In addition, we need to train more young scientists to use EPG for various purposes and attempt to use EPG to study insects that adversely affect human and animal health.