警惕茄科作物重大害虫马铃薯木虱入侵风险及危害
The risk posed by the potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) an important invasive pest of solanaceous crops
何小丽；EMILIANO Veronesi；WRATTEN Stephen； 祝增荣；高玉林
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.155
作者单位：浙江大学昆虫科学研究所，浙江省作物病虫生物学重点实验室，农业部作物病虫分子生物学重点实验室， 水稻生物学国家重点实验室，杭州 310058；中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室，北京 100193； 中国农业科学院国家薯类作物研究中心，北京 100193；新西兰林肯大学生物保护研究中心，基督城 85084
中文关键词：马铃薯；马铃薯木虱；入侵害虫；化学防治；生物防治
英文关键词：potato; potato psyllid; invasive pest; chemical control; biological control
中文摘要：马铃薯木虱Bactericera cockerelli原产于美国的落基山脉以及墨西哥的北部地区，是多种茄科作物的重大害虫。该虫自21世纪初在世界多国扩散，并对当地茄科作物的生产带来重要影响，严重发生时能造成马铃薯和番茄减产85%以上。除了马铃薯木虱自身的直接取食危害，该虫传播的斑纹片病菌也加剧了其对农产品的损害，造成极大的经济损失。作为世界性毁灭害虫，马铃薯木虱目前在我国尚未有分布，但仍是我国茄科作物产业的巨大潜在威胁。本文概述了马铃薯木虱的生物学特性、地理分布、寄主作物范围、传播方式、危害特征、以及检疫和防控措施，为该虫的有效防控提供参考。
英文摘要：The potato psyllid Bactericera
cockerelli is native to the Rocky Mountains in the United States and northern
Mexico and is a had a major impact on solanaceous crops production. Severe
outbreaks can reduce potato and tomato production by more than 85%. In addition
to damaging plants by its feeding activity, the potato psyllid also transmits
the important plant pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter solanaceaerum,
which further increases the economic loss to growers. The potato psyllid has
not yet been found in China but this international quarantine pest poses a
major threat to China’s Solanaceous crop industry. To
promote the prevention and control of this important pest, this article introduces the species’ biological characteristics, geographic
distribution, host plant types, current distribution, crop damage
symptoms, quarantine and current control strategies.