梨小食心虫与苹果蠹蛾为害对苹果 果实防御酶活性的影响
Effects of damage by Grapholitha molesta and Cydia pomonella on host plant defensive enzyme activity
母小庆；林 萍；李 贞；李亦松
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.038
作者单位：石河子大学农学院，新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室，石河子 832003； 新疆农业大学农学院，农业有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830052； 中国农业大学植物保护学院，北京 100083
中文关键词：梨小食心虫；苹果蠹蛾；为害；防御酶活性
英文关键词：Grapholitha molesta; Cydia pomonella; damage; defensive enzyme
中文摘要：
【目的】植物在生长过程中，面对昆虫的取食危害演化出了系统而有效的防御策略。本研究探索了苹果果实应对蛀果害虫危害的防御反应机制。【方法】 本文以蛀果害虫梨小食心虫 Grapholitha molesta和苹果蠹蛾Cydia pomonella 为研究对象，研究食心虫为害对果树防御酶活性的影响及反映寄主受其危害的应激程度。【结果】 结果表明将梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾分别接虫于苹果果实处理后，寄主的蛋白质含量、CAT、POD和SOD活性明显高于未被危害果实且差异显著；梨小食心虫与苹果蠹蛾同时取食为害时，CAT活性4-8 d时上升，12 d后开始下降；POD活性增强明显高于其它4个处理，SOD活性明显高于其它处理且差异显著（P<0.05）。【结论】 苹果果实在遭受到虫害胁迫时，可诱导寄主体内防御酶出现应激反应，从而发挥重要保障作用。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To investigate the
defensive strategies evolved by host plants to cope with insect damage during the
plant growth process. [Methods] Changes
in the defensive enzymes of host plants after damage by the fruit-borers Grapholitha
Molesta and Cydia pomonella were measured. [Results] Protein
content and catalase（CAT）, peroxidase（POD）and superoxide dismutase（SOD）activities in damaged fruit were higher than in undamaged fruit. There
was no significant difference in the protein content, or CAT, POD and SOD
activities, of fruit damaged by G.
molesta and that damaged by C.
pomonella. However，protein content，and CAT， POD and SOD activities, were significantly higher when fruit was damaged by both these fruit borer
species than when it was damaged by just one species. [Conclusion] Damage to apples by G. molesta and C. pomonella can induce defensive
enzyme activity involved in the stress response.