小菜蛾成虫对健康和机械损伤薄荷的嗅觉反应
Olfactory responses of Plutella xylostella adults to intact and mechanically damaged Mentha spicata plants
王志宇；郝 赤；王琛柱；闫喜中
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.041
作者单位：山西农业大学农学院，太谷 030801；中国科学院动物研究所，农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室，北京 100101
中文关键词：小菜蛾；薄荷；EAG反应；行为反应；产卵忌避
英文关键词：Plutella xylostella; Mentha spicata; EAG response; behavioral response; oviposition repellence
中文摘要：
【目的】 比较健康和机械损伤的薄荷Mentha spicata对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella成虫嗅觉反应的影响，为筛选小菜蛾植物源驱避剂提供科学依据。【方法】 利用触角电位（EAG）仪和Y型嗅觉仪分别测定小菜蛾雌、雄成虫对健康和机械损伤薄荷的触角电位和嗅觉行为反应，通过田间试验测定雌蛾产卵选择的忌避反应。【结果】 健康薄荷和机械损伤薄荷均能引起小菜蛾雌、雄成虫触角电位反应，但损伤薄荷引起的触角电位反应值显著高于健康薄荷（P<0.05）；室内行为选择试验结果显示，损伤薄荷对小菜蛾雄性成虫有显著驱避作用（P<0.05），驱避指数为53.33%，对雌性成虫有极显著驱避作用（P<0.01），驱避指数达到80%；田间产卵选择试验发现，损伤薄荷对小菜蛾雌成虫产卵有极显著驱避作用（P<0.01），产卵忌避指数达到71.32%。但是健康薄荷对小菜蛾雌、雄成虫的行为选择和雌性成虫的产卵选择均无显著驱避作用（P>0.05）。【结论】 机械损伤薄荷对小菜蛾成虫有较强的驱避效果，可以对其进行驱避活性挥发物质的筛选或作为驱避源来防治小菜蛾的危害。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] The olfactory responses of Plutella xylostella adults to intact and mechanically damaged Mentha spicata plants were compared in order to provide information to facilitate screening plant-volatiles repellent to this pest. [Methods] The electroantennogram (EAG) and behavioral responses of adult male and female P. xylostella to intact and mechanically damaged M. spicata plants were studied using EAG and a Y-tube olfactometer. Oviposition by female adults on intact and mechanically damaged M. spicata to was measured in the field. [Results] Both sexes of P. xylostella adults showed EAG responses to intact and mechanically damaged M. spicata plants but the EAG response induced by damaged plants was significantly higher than that induced by intact plants (P < 0.05); The results of indoor behavioral experiments show that damaged M. spicata were significantly repellent to adult male P. xylostella (P < 0.05, repellent index = 53.33%), and had an extremely significant repellent effect on female adults (P < 0.01, repellent index = 80%) A field oviposition selection experiment found that adult female P. xylostella had a highly significant aversion to laying eggs on damaged M. spicata plants (P < 0.01, oviposition index ≥ 71.32%). However, intact M. spicata did not significantly repel either adult female or male P. xylostella or oviposition by females (P > 0.05). [Conclusion] Mechanically damaged M. spicata is strongly repellent to adult P. xylostella and could be a source of plant volatiles to repel this pest, or used as a repellent plant to control this pest.