中华蜜蜂气味受体基因AcerOR58的序列与时空表达分析
Sequencing and temporo-spatial expression of the Chinese honeybee, Apis cerana cerana, odorant receptor gene AcerOR58
彭 竹；黄 丽；王 雷；赵慧婷
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2021.032
作者单位：山西农业大学生命科学学院，太谷 030801；山西农业大学生命科学学院，太谷 030801；山西农业大学生命科学学院，太谷 030801；山西农业大学生命科学学院，太谷 030801
中文关键词：中华蜜蜂；气味受体；AcerOR58；生物信息学分析；时空表达
英文关键词：Apis cerana cerana; odorant receptor; AcerOR58; bioinformatics analysis; temporal-spatialexpression
中文摘要：
【目的】 通过分析中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana气味受体基因AcerOR58编码蛋白的理化性质、结构特征，明确AcerOR58时空表达特性，为该基因后续的功能研究奠定基础。【方法】 利用多种生物信息学软件预测分析AcerOR58序列及其编码蛋白的结构特性，采用邻接法构建系统进化树。利用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析AcerOR58在不同发育阶段工蜂触角及采集蜂不同组织的表达差异。【结果】 AcerOR58基因的开放阅读框（ORF）长1 230 bp，编码409个氨基酸，成熟蛋白分子量为47.147 ku，理论等电点8.46，无信号肽，含有6 个跨膜结构且N 端位于胞内，31个潜在的磷酸化位点，在第80-405位氨基酸之间存在一个昆虫气味受体家族7tm-6 superfamily 保守结构域。AcerOR58与西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera 的AmelOR58亲缘关系最近，核苷酸序列一致性高达96.67%，氨基酸序列一致性高达97.31%。AcerOR58在采集蜂（15-25日龄）阶段的表达量较高，且在触角中的表达量极显著高于其他组织（P<0.01）。【结论】 AcerOR58具有昆虫气味受体的结构特征，该基因特异性高表达于中华蜜蜂采集蜂触角中，推测其功能与识别外界蜜粉源的花香气味物质有关。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To analyze the physicochemical properties and
structural characteristics of the protein encoded by the Chinese honeybee, Apis
cerana cerana, odorant receptor gene AcerOR58,
clarify its temporal and spatial expression characteristics and thereby lay a
foundation for functional research on this gene. [Methods] Bioinformatics software was used to predict
and analyze the structural characteristics of the AcerOR58 nucleotide and encoded protein sequence. A Neighbor-Joining
phylogenetic tree was constructed and real-time quantitative PCR used to
analyze the expression profiles of AcerOR58 in in different tissues of foraging bees and in the antennae of workers of
different developmental stages. [Results] The AcerOR58 open reading frame (ORF) was 1 230 bp long and encoded 409
amino acids. The molecular weight of the mature protein was 47.147 ku and the
theoretical isoelectric point was 8.46. There were 6 transmembrane structures
with an intracellular N-terminal and no signal peptide. There were 31 potential
phosphorylation sites and an insect odor receptor family 7tm-6 superfamily
conserved domain between amino acids 83-398. AcerOR58 is closely related to the corresponding AmelOR58 gene of the Western honeybee A. mellifera, with a nucleotide sequence
identity of 96.67% and amino acid sequence identity of 97.31%. Real-time PCR
showed that the expression level of AcerOR58 was higher in the antennae of foraging bees (15-25 days old), and that
expression in the antennae was significantly higher than in other tissues (P < 0.01). [Conclusion] AcerOR58 has the typical structural
characteristics of an insect odorant receptor and is highly expressed in the
antennae of forager bees. These results suggest that its main function is
recognizing the scent of nectar and pollen sources.