栖北散白蚁致病菌的分离鉴定与特性研究
Isolation, identification and characterization of suspected pathogenic bacteria from lower termites
吕笑同；刘仁怡；梁仕壮；倪金凤
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2021.046
作者单位：山东大学生命科学学院，青岛 266237；山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室，青岛 266237
中文关键词：栖北散白蚁；黏质沙雷氏菌；16S rDNA；灵菌红素；生物防治
英文关键词：Reticulitermes speratus; Serratia marcescens; 16S rDNA; prodigiosin; biological control
中文摘要：
【目的】 了解散白蚁头部发红且死亡的原因，探究致病菌特性。【方法】 从头部发红的散白蚁中分离菌株、培养并纯化，通过显微形态、革兰氏染色及16S rRNA 基因序列分析鉴定菌株种类。进一步探究菌株产生红色素的条件并通过液相色谱和质谱联用等方法鉴定发酵产物。【结果】 散白蚁鉴定为栖北散白蚁Reticulitermes speratus。从该白蚁头部分离得到一株产红色素的革兰氏阴性细菌RS。16S rDNA序列分析表明RS菌株为黏质沙雷氏菌Serratia marcescens。RS菌株不同于其它大多黏质沙雷氏菌，在37 ℃仍然产生红色素。HPLC检测分析红色素为灵菌红素。【结论】 本文首次报道从栖北散白蚁分离纯化一株产生灵菌红素的黏质沙雷氏RS菌，研究结果为灵菌红素的生产及散白蚁生物防治技术的研发提供了新的思路。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To investigate the characteristics of the
pathogen responsible for some termites developing a red head before they die. [Methods] A bacterial strain was isolated from termites
with red heads, cultured and purified and identified using micromorphology,
Gram staining and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The conditions under which
this bacterial strain produces red pigment and its fermentation products were
investigated using liquid chromotography and mass spectometry. [Results]
The termite was identified as Reticulitermes speratus and a red
pigment-producing Gram-negative bacterium RS was isolated from the head of this
species. 16S rDNA sequence analysis identified this bacterial strain as Serratia marcescens. The RS strain is,
however, different from most other S.
marcescens. It continues to produce red pigment, identified by HPLC as
prodigiosin, at 37 ℃. [Conclusion] This study is the first to isolate and
purify a prodigiosin-producing S.
Marcescens RS from R. speratus,
which lays a foundation for further research on the biocontrol of termites and
the production of prodigiosin.