豆天蛾越冬幼虫滞育解除后生物学特性的研究
Diapause termination and post-diapause of overwintering Clanis bilineata tsingtauica larvae
郭明明 李晓峰 邓 盼 李大维 李俊领 樊继伟 陈 凤
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2021.095
作者单位：连云港市农业科学院，连云港 222000；江苏省农业科学院休闲农业研究所，南京 210000； 江苏省农垦农业发展股份有限公司云台分公司，连云港 222063
中文关键词：豆天蛾；温度；滞育解除；生物学特性
英文关键词：Clanis bilineata tsingtauica; temperature; diapause termination; biological characteristics
中文摘要：
【目的】 豆天蛾Clanis bilineata tsingtauica以老熟幼虫进入滞育越冬，为探明豆天蛾滞育解除的机制。【方法】 本研究设置4个不同温度梯度，在恒湿条件下，研究不同温度处理下豆天蛾滞育持续时间、化蛹及羽化的差异。【结果】 温度对豆天蛾滞育解除存在一定影响。随着温度升高，豆天蛾滞育持续时间和蛹期逐渐缩短，在35 ℃条件下滞育持续时间和蛹期最短，分别为（34.4±0.3）d和（6.7±1.2）d；而化蛹率、蛹重随温度的升高呈先升高后降低，在25 ℃时，化蛹率最高为（80.60±0.26）%，在30 ℃时，蛹重最大为（4.21±0.07）g/头。豆天蛾成虫羽化率随温度升高而显著降低；25 ℃条件下，单雌产卵量最大，达到（204±9）粒。本室内条件下，豆天蛾滞育解除的有效积温为1 111.1日·度。【结论】 在温度为25 ℃的条件下最有利于豆天蛾滞育解除后的生长发育。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To investigate the
mechanism of diapause termination in Clanis bilineata tsingtauica which
mainly enters diapause as mature larvae. [Methods] Larvae
were kept under four different temperature
gradients under constant humidity and differences in
diapause duration, pupation and emergence between these temperature treatment
groups was compared. [Results] The duration of diapause
and the pupal stage gradually shortened as temperature increased, reaching
minimum values of (34.4±0.3) d and (6.7±1.2)
d, respectively at 35 ℃.
The pupation rate and pupal weight first increased, then decreased, with
increasing temperature. The
maximum pupation rate was (80.60±0.26)
% at 25 ℃ and
the maximum average pupal weight was (4.21±0.07)
g at 30 ℃. The adult emergence rate
decreased significantly with increasing temperature. The oviposition rate
reached a maximum of (204±9) eggs/female at
25 ℃.
These results show that the diapause
status of Clanis bilineata tsingtauica could be reversed when the effective accumulated
temperature reached 1 111.1 degree·days at room temperature. [Conclusion] The post-diapause growth and development of Clanis bilineata tsingtauica was optimal after diapause termination at a temperature of 25 ℃.