【目的】 植物的挥发性气味对传粉者的选择具有重要的影响，为探究红阳猕猴桃Actinidia chinensis ‘Hongyang’雌花的挥发性气味对东方蜜蜂Apis cerana和西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera行为反应的差异。【方法】 利用顶空固相微萃取与气质联用技术（Headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography- mass spectrometry，HS-SPME-GC-MS）鉴定红阳猕猴桃雌花挥发性物质成分及相对含量，并通过气相色谱-触角电位联用测量系统（GC-EAD）和Y型嗅觉仪测定东方蜜蜂和西方蜜蜂对红阳猕猴桃雌花气味的触角电位和行为反应。【结果】 GC-MS结果表明，红阳猕猴桃雌花挥发性气味含有33种成分，包括醇类、酯类、酮类、烃类、萜烯类、醛类、胺类和盐类。GC-EAD结果表明，红阳猕猴桃雌花挥发性物质中7种化合物芳樟醇、壬醛、苯乙醇、2,6,6-三甲基-2-环己烯-1,4-二酮、苯甲酸乙酯、水杨酸甲酯和顺式-3-己烯醇2-甲基丁酸酯能够引起东方蜜蜂和西方蜜蜂的触角反应，而3种化合物乙酸叶醇酯、水杨酸乙酯和β-紫罗酮只引起东方蜜蜂的触角反应。嗅觉行为反应结果表明，红阳猕猴桃雌花的气味对东方蜜蜂具有引诱作用（P > 0.05），引诱率为60%；对西方蜜蜂具有驱避作用（P < 0.01），驱避率是67.5%。【结论】 东方蜜蜂和西方蜜蜂对红阳猕猴桃雌花挥发性气味的响应存在显著差异，东方蜜蜂对红阳猕猴桃雌花的气味无明显趋性，而西方蜜蜂对红阳猕猴桃雌花的气味具有明显驱避。因此，为红阳猕猴桃授粉时，东方蜜蜂相对于西方蜜蜂更理想。

[Objectives]  To investigate whether volatiles of female Actinidia chinensis ‘Hongyang’ flowers affect honeybee foraging behavior. [Methods]  Headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to identify the components and relative content of volatile compounds of female Hongyang kiwifruit flowers. The responses of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera to these volatile compounds were determined using a gas chromatography- antennae potential measurement system (GC-EAD) and Y-type olfactometer. [Results]  GC-MS identified 33 components in the volatiles of female Hongyang kiwifruit flowers, including alcohols, esters, ketones, hydrocarbons, terpenes, aldehydes, amines and salts. GC-EAD results show that linalool, nonanal, phenylethyl alcohol, 2,6, 6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1, 4-dione, ethyl benzoate, methyl salicylate and cis-3-hexenyl 2-methylbutanoate induced electroantennogram responses in both A. cerana and A. mellifera. However, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, ethyl salicylate and β-Ionone only induced a response in A. cerana. The Y-tube olfactometer tests showed that the volatiles of female Hongyang kiwifruit flowers were not significantly attractive to A. cerana (attraction rate = 60%; P > 0.05) and that the same volatiles were repellent to A. mellifera (avoidance rate = 67.5%; P < 0.01). [Conclusion]  There is a significant difference in the response of A. cerana and A. mellifera to volatiles of female Hongyang kiwifruit flowers. A. cerana doesn’t have an obvious preference for these volatiles which are actually repellant to Apis mellifera. Therefore, A. cerana should be a superior pollinator of Hongyang kiwifruit than Apis mellifera.