取食不同夏季寄主对牧草盲蝽若虫生长发育和成虫寿命的影响
Effects of different summer host plants on the developmental duration and adult longevity of Lygus pratensis Linnaeus (Heteroptera: Miridae)
张仁福；王 伟；刘海洋；姚 举
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2022.013
作者单位：农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所，乌鲁木齐 830091；农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所，乌鲁木齐 830091；农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所，乌鲁木齐 830091；农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所，乌鲁木齐 830091
中文关键词：牧草盲蝽；夏季寄主；发育历期；成虫寿命；种群密度
英文关键词：Lygus pratensis Linnaeus; summer host plants; developmental duration; adults longevity; population density
中文摘要：
【目的】 牧草盲蝽Lygus pratensis Linnaeus再次演替为新疆棉花主要害虫。为明确取食不同夏季寄主对棉田牧草盲蝽若虫生长发育和成虫寿命的影响。【方法】 在人工气候条件下，对牧草盲蝽初孵若虫在14种主要夏季寄主植物上的发育历期、羽化率和成虫寿命进行观察，并结合其在田间不同夏季寄主上的发生情况进行了相关性分析。【结果】 在14种寄主植物中，牧草盲蝽若虫无法在猪毛菜、灰藜和龙葵上完成生长发育。不同夏季寄主饲养的牧草盲蝽若虫发育历期与成虫寿命存在较大差异。其中，取食向日葵的若虫总发育历期最长，为（23.20±0.66）d，取食灰绿藜的最短，为（12.15±0.25）d；取食向日葵的雌成虫寿命最长为（13.42±0.28）d，取食猪毛菜的最短，为（5.33±0.47）d；取食油菜的雄成虫寿命最长，为（11.40±0.95）d，取食猪毛菜的最短，为（5.13±0.38）d。牧草盲蝽若虫取食不同夏季寄主其发育历期与田间寄主上若虫发生情况基本一致，与羽化成虫的数量呈正相关；取食不同夏季寄主的牧草盲蝽成虫寿命与田间成虫发生情况基本一致。【结论】 夏季牧草盲蝽成虫在取食和产卵寄主选择中存在一定差别，明确了牧草盲蝽对夏季寄主的利用模式，为筛选牧草盲蝽夏季诱集寄主和季节性治理对策提供依据。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To investigate the effects of feeding on different summer host plants on the development and adult longevity of Lygus pratensis Linnaeus, a major cotton pest in Xinjiang. [Methods] The developmental duration and emergence rate of nymphs, and the longevity of adults, that developed on 14 major summer host plants were observed under artificial climate conditions. The relative abundance of L. pratensis on different summer hosts was also quantified and compared in the field. [Results] Of the 14 host plants, L. pratensis nymphs were unable to complete development on Salsola collin, Chenopodium strictum and Solanum nigrum. The nymph developmental period and adult longevity differed among summer hosts. The longest nymph developmental period was recorded on Helianthus annuus (23.20±0.66) d and the shortest on Chenopodium glaucum (12.15±0.25) d. The longest adult female longevity was recorded on H. annuus (13.42±0.28) d and the shortest on S. collin (5.33±0.47) d. The longest adult male longevity was recorded on Brassica napus (11.40±0.95) d and the shortest on S. collin (5.13±0.38) d. The time required for nymphs to complete development on different summer hosts was generally consistent with the occurrence of nymphs on these hosts in the field, and was positively correlated with the number of adults that subsequently emerged on each host plant. The longevity of adults feeding on different summer hosts was generally consistent with the occurrence of adults on these hosts in the field. [Conclusion] The results provide a basis for choosing which host plants to trap for this pest and for its seasonal management.