摘  要  【目的】 探明日本食蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus japonicus Compere的羽化行为及繁殖能力。【方法】 在室内观察了日本食蚧蚜小蜂的羽化行为、羽化节律及补充营养物质（海藻糖、松三糖、蔗糖、蜂蜜、果糖和葡萄糖）对小蜂寿命、生殖力等方面的影响。【结果】 日本食蚧蚜小蜂的羽化分为介壳虫体内羽化及成蜂出壳两个过程，羽化高峰期为06：00-10：00。补充蔗糖的寿命最长，为15.58 d，其次为果糖（14.97 d）。补充蔗糖后产卵量最高，为236.5粒，其次为果糖（192.0粒）及蜂蜜(191.0粒)，葡萄糖最低（156.5粒），产卵高峰出现在羽化后第2天，然后随产卵雌蜂日龄的增加呈下降趋势。子代的出蜂量以雌蜂为6日龄的最高，然后随雌蜂日龄的增加子代出蜂量大幅下降。【结论】 可选用6日龄内的日本食蚧蚜小蜂雌蜂进行室内扩繁和田间释放，并可补充蔗糖水溶液以提升其扩繁和防治效果。

Abstract  [Aim]  To investigate the emergence and fecundity of Coccophagus japonicas Compere. [Methods]  Emergence behaviors, biological rhythms of emergence, as well as the effects of supplementary nutrients（mycose，melizitose，sucrose，honey，fructose and glucose）on the longevity and fecundity of C. japonicas were observed in the laboratory. [Results]  The emergence of C. japonicus can be divided into two stages; eclosion and adult hatching. The peak period of emergence was from 06:00 to 10:00. Supplementary nutrition affected adult life-span; the longest life-spans (15.58 and 14.97 d), were observed when supplementary sucrose and fructose were provided. The most eggs (236.50) were laid when supplementary sucrose was provided, whereas the least number of eggs were laid when glucose was provided. Peak oviposition occurred on the second day after emergence, after which oviposition decreased with adult age. Six-day old females produced the most offspring, after which offspring production significantly decreased with age. [Conclusion]  Six-day old, female C. japonicus are most suitable for indoor propagation and field release, and providing these with supplementary sucrose can enhance their productivity and biocontrol efficiency.