摘  要  【目的】 明确玉米大豆间作对田间节肢动物群落及玉米产量的影响，以期为云南部分地区玉米大豆间作田间害虫综合治理体系的构建提供参考依据。【方法】 采用目测法、扫网法、挖穴法及黄板诱集法分别调查记录2019和2020年间玉米大豆间作田节肢动物的种类和数量，利用群落特征指数、稳定性分析及主要害虫和天敌发生量和时间生态位对节肢动物群落进行分析，并对玉米产量进行测定。【结果】 2019年玉米大豆间作田共调查到害虫41种，天敌39种，玉米单作田共调查到害虫25种，天敌28种。2020年玉米大豆间作田共调查到害虫40种，天敌30种，玉米单作田共调查到害虫32种，天敌25种。与玉米单作田相比，玉米大豆间作田节肢动物群落的总物种数、多样性指数、丰富度指数、均匀度指数、S_s/S_i值、S_n/S_p值、N_n/N_p值、N_d/N_p均较大，优势度指数、优势度集中性指数和S_d/S_p值均较小；玉米蚜Rhopalosiphum maidis、小绿叶蝉Empoasca flavescens和草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是优势害虫，瓢虫类、食蚜蝇类、蚜茧蜂类、蜘蛛类是优势天敌。瓢虫类与食蚜蝇类、瓢虫类与玉米蚜、食蚜蝇类与玉米蚜的时间生态位重叠值均较大；2020年食蚜蝇类与草地贪夜蛾的生态位重叠值较大。与玉米单作田相比，2019年玉米大豆间作模式使玉米增产15.12%，2020年玉米大豆间作模式使玉米增产13.56%。【结论】 玉米大豆间作模式可提高田间节肢动物群落多样性及稳定性，提高天敌的物种数，并能在一定程度上降低玉米田主要害虫玉米蚜、草地贪夜蛾的发生量并提高单位面积玉米产量。

Abstract  [Aim]  To investigate the arthropod community composition and maize yield of maize fields intercropped with soybeans, and thereby promote the development of an integrated pest management system for maize-soybean pests in Yunnan. [Methods]  The species and number of arthropods in intercropped maize-soybean fields in 2019 and 2020 were investigated and recorded by five-point sampling, using visual observation, sweep sampling, pit-fall traps and yellow, sticky-board traps. The community characteristic index, stability analysis, and temporal niche analysis, of the main pests and their natural enemies were used to analyze the community characteristics of the arthropod community. Corn yields were also measured. [Results]  In 2019, 41 pests and 39 natural enemies were found in intercropped fields, compared to 25 pests and 28 natural enemies in maize monoculture fields. In 2020, a total of 40 pests and 30 natural enemies were identified in intercropped fields compared to 32 pests and 25 natural enemies in monoculture fields. Compared to maize monoculture fields, the total species number, diversity index, richness index, evenness index, S_s/S_i, S_n/S_p, N_n/N_p and N_d/N_p of the arthropod community was higher in intercropped fields, whereas the dominance index, dominance concentration index, and S_d/S_p were lower, than in maize monoculture fields in the same year. Rhopalosiphum maidis, Empoasca flavescens and Spodoptera frugiperda were the dominant pests, and ladybugs, hover flies, aphid cocoon bees and spiders, the dominant natural enemies. The temporal niche overlap values between ladybugs and hover flies, ladybugs and R. maidis, and hover flies and R. maidis, were relatively large. In addition, the niche overlap values of hover flies and S. frugiperda were relatively large in 2020. Compared to maize monocultures, maize-soybean intercropping increased the maize yield by 15.12 % in 2019 and by 13.56 % in 2020. [Conclusion]  Maize-soybean intercropping improves the diversity and stability of arthropod communities, increases the diversity of natural enemies, and, to some extent, reduces the occurrence of R. maidis and S. frugiperda, thereby improving maize yield.