摘  要  【目的】 明确化学防治措施和果园杂草对沙糖橘Citrus reticulita Blanco上植绥螨种群动态变化的影响，为建立以利用捕食螨为主的柑橘病虫害综合防控体系提供理论依据。【方法】 2021年4月至2023年12月，连续在同一个沙糖橘果园中开展了植绥螨的种群动态调查，分别在果树上和周围杂草上采取振落法采集捕食螨标本，室内进行玻片鉴定捕食螨种类，统计螨个体数量，分析植绥螨的种群结构和种群动态变化规律。【结果】 沙糖橘上调查采集的捕食螨分别是江原钝绥螨Amblyseius eharai Amitai & Swirski、加州新小绥螨Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor)、钝毛钝绥螨A. obtuserellus Wainstein & Begljarov、尼氏真绥螨Euseius nicholsi (Ehara et Lee)、长刺新小绥螨N. longispinosus (Evans)和墨西哥似前锯绥螨Proprioseiopsis mexicanus Garman。墨西哥似前锯绥螨为杂草上优势种，真桑新小绥螨N. makuwa Ehara和冲绳肩绥螨Scapulaseius okinawanus Ehara仅在杂草上发现。加州新小绥螨和墨西哥似前锯绥螨在沙糖橘上和杂草上的种群动态变化相似，发生高峰期存在互补的现象。【结论】 化学农药对沙糖橘上植绥螨的种群结构组成没有显著影响。自然状态下，沙糖橘园的植绥螨优势种类为加州新小绥螨和江原钝绥螨，两种捕食螨种群发生高峰时间段也不同。加州新小绥螨对化学农药的整体耐受度相较其它种类较高，田间使用高效氯氰菊酯会显著抑制柑橘上植绥螨的种群增长。杂草对于稳定果园中捕食螨种群具有积极作用，使用除草剂会间接破坏柑橘园中植绥螨种群的稳定性。

Abstract  [Aim]  To better understand the effects of chemical controls and weeds on the population structure and dynamics of phytoseiid mites on Citrus reticulita Blanco. The findings will provide a theoretical foundation for the establishment of a comprehensive control-based prevention system for citrus pests using predatory mites. [Methods]  Between April 2021 and December 2023, continuous field investigations were carried out on the citrus and weeds growing around the trees in the same Shatangju orchard. Five-point sampling and shaking-off-the-plate methods were used to measure the population dynamics of predatory mites at independent fixed sites. Predatory mite samples were collected using the plant-flapping plate method. The species were identified and counted using a microscope. The pesticides applied were recorded and the population structure and dynamics of phytoseiid mites were analyzed. [Results]  The main phytoseiid species identified in the Shatangju orchard were Amblyseius eharai Amitai & Swirski, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor), Amblyseius obtuserellus Wainstein & Begljarov, Euseius nicholsi (Ehara et Lee), N. longispinosus (Evans) and Proprioseiopsis mexicanus Garman. P. mexicanus was the dominant species found on weeds growing around the Shatangju trees. N. makuwa Ehara and Scapulaseius okinawanus (Ehara) were only found on the weeds. N. californicus and P. mexicanus had similar population dynamics on the Shatangju trees and weeds, with corresponding peak periods. [Conclusion]  There was no significant effect of chemical pesticides on the population structure of phytoseiid mites in the Shatangju orchard. Under natural conditions, N. californicus and A. eharai were the dominant species, although there was a significant difference in the timing of their population peaks. N. californicus had a significantly higher tolerance to the chemical pesticides than the other phytoseiid mites in the orchard. The use of beta-cypermethrin in the field has an inhibitory effect on the population growth of phytoseiid mites and the use of herbicides indirectly destroys the stability of phytoseiid mites in citrus orchards. In contrast, weeds have a positive effect on stabilizing the population of predatory mites in the orchard and should therefore be encouraged.