西花蓟马对双尾新小绥螨捕食土耳其斯坦叶螨能力的影响
The predation capacity of Neoseiulus bicaudus on Tetranychus turkestani in the presence of Frankliniella occidentalis
胡恒笑，母凯琴，方 晨，唐思琼，苏 杰，张建萍
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2024.063
作者单位：石河子大学农学院，新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室，石河子 832000
中文关键词：双尾新小绥螨；功能反应；非目标猎物；生物防治
英文关键词：Neoseiulus bicaudus; functional response; non-target prey; biological control
中文摘要：
摘 要 【目的】为探究在利用双尾新小绥螨Neoseiulus bicaudus Wainstein控害土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani (Ugarov et Nikolskii)时，西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis (Perganda)的存在是否会对其捕食能力产生影响。【方法】以土耳其斯坦叶螨各个螨态（卵、幼螨、若螨、雌成螨）与西花蓟马Ⅰ龄若虫分别以20︰1、10︰1以及5︰1共存（以只有土耳其斯坦叶螨的处理为对照），评估双尾新小绥螨在西花蓟马Ⅰ龄若虫存在下对土耳其斯坦叶螨捕食能力的变化。【结果】 西花蓟马的存在不会改变双尾新小绥螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨的功能反应类型，捕食螨对各处理中目标猎物的功能反应类型仍符合功能Ⅱ型。与对照相比，土耳其斯坦叶螨各螨态分别与西花蓟马5︰1共存时，双尾新小绥螨对叶螨卵和幼螨的攻击系数（a）显著降低，处理时间（Th）显著减少、对叶螨若螨和雌成螨的处理时间（Th）显著增加（P<0.05）。西花蓟马存在下，双尾新小绥螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨的取食率受到叶螨螨态的显著影响（P<0.05）。取食偏好指数D值显示，随着土耳其斯坦叶螨密度以及西花蓟马存在比例的增大，双尾新小绥螨对叶螨卵的偏好增强，对雌成螨的偏好降低。【结论】土耳其斯坦叶螨与西花蓟马5︰1共存时，西花蓟马的存在会影响双尾新小绥螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨的捕食能力。
英文摘要：
Abstract [Aim] To explore whether the presence of Frankliniella occidentalis (Perganda) affects the predation capacity of Neoseiulus bicaudus Wainstein on Tetranychus turkestani (Ugarov et Nikolskii). [Methods] To determine the predation efficiency of N. bicaudus on T. turkestani in the presence of F. occidentalis, different developmental stages of T. turkestani (egg, larva, nymph, and adult female) were collected and placed into cages with 1st instar F. occidentalis at ratios of 20︰1,
10︰1 and 5︰1. T. turkestani alone served as the control group. F. occidentalis was then introduced to the treatment and control groups. [Results] The functional response of N. bicaudus to T. turkestani remained consistent in the presence of F. occidentalis, continuing to exhibit a type-Ⅱ response. Compared to the control group, the attack rate (a) and handling time (Th) of N. bicaudus on the T. turkestani eggs and larvae significantly decreased. In contrast, there was a significant increase in the handing time (Th) of N. bicaudus for T. turkestani nymphs and adult females in the 5︰1 F. occidental treatment group (P<0.05). The presence of F. occidental had a significant effect on the feeding rate of N. bicaudus on T. turkestani (P<0.05). The feeding preference index D indicated that as the density of T. turkestani and proportion of F. occidental increased, N. bicaudus showed an increased preference for T. turkestani egg, but decreased preference for T. turkestani female adults. [Conclusion] T. turkestani coexisting with F. occidentalis at a ratio of 5︰1 affects the predation of N. bicaudus on T. turkestani.