
番茄潜叶蛾对山东地区主要设施蔬菜的适宜度
Fitness of the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta, on different vegetable hosts in Shandong Province
郭文秀,祁伟伟,颜越,徐文鑫,谭润晗,李丽莉,吕素洪,崔洪莹,宋莹莹,门兴元
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DOI:10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2024.072
作者单位:山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东省农业有害生物绿色防控重点实验室
中文关键词:番茄潜叶蛾;寄主植物;产卵;生长发育;种群增长参数;适宜度
英文关键词:Tuta absoluta; host plant; oviposition; growth and development; population growth parameter; fitness
中文摘要:
摘 要 【目的】 明确番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta对新入侵地山东地区主要设施蔬菜的适宜度。【方法】 采用罩笼法,研究了9种主要设施蔬菜对番茄潜叶蛾产卵、生长发育和种群增长参数的影响。【结果】 番茄潜叶蛾在番茄和茄子上的产卵量最多,且能够在这2种植物上正常生长发育,完成生活史,存活率分别为44.21%和40.64%,各虫态发育历期、存活率、适合度及种群增长参数间无显著差异(P>0.05);在油菜、香菜、黄瓜和辣椒上产卵量极少,其中在油菜上能够完成生活史,但存活率仅为11.72%,各虫态发育历期、存活率、单雌产卵量及内禀增长率均显著低于番茄;香菜上的卵可孵化为幼虫并潜叶危害,但存活时间仅为1.67 d;在黄瓜和辣椒上卵孵化后未见幼虫出现;在菠菜、香葱和大蒜上未见番茄潜叶蛾产卵。【结论】 番茄和茄子是番茄潜叶蛾的适宜寄主,应加强监测与防控;油菜是非适宜寄主,可能成为该虫传播和扩散的次要寄主;成虫不选择菠菜、香葱和大蒜产卵。番茄潜叶蛾在香菜、黄瓜和辣椒上均不能完成生活史,因此可将这些蔬菜作为轮作或间作蔬菜。研究结果为番茄潜叶蛾的监测、防控以及生态控制技术的研发提供了理论依据。
英文摘要:
Abstract [Aim] To determine the relative suitability of different vegetables as host-plants for Tuta absoluta, a recent invasive pest in Shandong Province. [Methods] The oviposition, development and population growth of T. absoluta on 9 commonly grown vegetables were compared. [Results] Adults laid the most eggs on tomato and eggplant plants, and could complete their life history normally on these species with final survival rates of 44.21% and 40.64%, respectively. No significant difference was observed in developmental duration, survival rate or population growth parameters between T. absoluta populations on tomato or eggplant plants (P>0.05). In contrast, very few eggs were laid on rape, coriander, cucumber and pepper. Although T. absoluta could complete development on these species, the final survival rate was only 11.72% and the developmental duration, survival rate, female fecundity and intrinsic rate of natural increase were significantly lower than those of populations on tomato plants. Although eggs were laid on coriander hatched, the larvae survived for only 1.67 d. Eggs were also laid on cucumber and pepper plants but no larvae were subsequently found. No eggs were found on spinach, chives or garlic. [Conclusion] Tomato and eggplant plants were the most suitable of the host plants compared in this study. Monitoring and control should be strengthened to prevent outbreaks of T. absoluta on tomato and eggplant crops. Rape may be a secondary host of T. absoluta that contributes to its spread. When other, more suitable host plants are available, females do not lay eggs on spinach, chives or garlic plants, and larvae cannot complete their development on coriander, cucumber or chili. These plants could therefore be grown in rotation, or intercropped, with more tomato and eggplant crops, to control T. absoluta numbers.