摘  要  【目的】 梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta与桃小食心虫Carposina sasakii皆为梨园中为害较重的食心虫，对梨果产量和品质造成严重损失，本研究通过监测梨小食心虫和桃小食心虫成虫种群数量，明确梨小食心虫和桃小食心虫的发生规律。【方法】 以山西运城和晋中梨园为监测点，连续2年（2021-2022年）利用三角型诱捕器监测梨小食心虫和桃小食心虫成虫种群发生数量，分析研究两种食心虫种群动态变化规律。【结果】 山西运城及晋中梨园梨小食心虫1年发生4个高峰期，越冬成虫于3月下旬开始陆续出蛰，4月中旬为越冬代发生高峰，第1、2和3代发生高峰分别为6月中旬、7月中旬和8月中下旬。桃小食心虫1年发生2-3个高峰期，越冬成虫于5月下旬开始发生，6月底至7月初为越冬代发生高峰，第1和2代发生高峰分别为8月上中旬和9月中旬。【结论】 明确了梨小食心虫与桃小食心虫在山西两地的发生规律，为该两种食心虫的预测预报和综合治理提供理论依据。

Abstract  [Aim]  Grapholita molesta and Carposina sasakii are major insect pests in pear orchards, causing serious losses to pear fruit yield and quality. The aim of this study was to monitor the adult population dynamics of G. molesta and C. sasakii within a pear orchard, to determine the frequency and population dynamics of these pests. [Methods]  The study was carried out in the Yuncheng and Jinzhong pear orchards in Shanxi Province. Sex traps were used to monitor the occurrence of adult G. molesta and C. sasakii for two consecutive years (2021-2022), and the population dynamics of the two species were analyzed. [Results]  In Yuncheng and Jinzhong Liyuan, there were four peak occurrence periods of adult G. molesta per year. Overwintering G. molesta adults began to emerge in late March, with the population peaking in mid-April. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd generations peaked in mid-June, mid-July, and mid-late August, respectively. The occurrence of C. sasakii had two and three peak periods during 2021 and 2022, respectively. Overwintering adults C. sasakii began to emerge in late May, with numbers peaking from late June to early July. The 1st and 2nd generations peaked in early mid-August and mid-September, respectively. [Conclusion]  By investigating and analyzing the occurrence and population dynamics of G. molesta and C. sasakii, the findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for predicting and implementing comprehensive control measures for these two species.