雄性偏向的性比对黑肩绿盲蝽生殖力和子代生长发育的影响
Effects of male-biased sex ratios on the reproduction and offspring development of the predatory mirid bug, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (Hemiptera: Miridae)
徐一洁 王 影 刘 芳 胡 奎
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2024.100
作者单位：扬州大学植物保护学院
中文关键词： 黑肩绿盲蝽；性比；生殖力；子代生长发育
英文关键词：Cyrtorhinus lividipennis; sex ratio; fecundity; offspring development
中文摘要：【目的】 明确雄性偏向的性比对黑肩绿盲蝽Cyrtorhinus lividipennis生殖力和子代生长发育的影响，促进黑肩绿盲蝽的规模化饲养和应用。【方法】 在室内条件下，测定雌雄性比分别为1∶1、1∶2和1∶3时，黑肩绿盲蝽雌虫的产卵前期、产卵量和产卵历期，以及子代卵孵化率、若虫历期、羽化率、性比和成虫寿命等参数。【结果】 不同性比对黑肩绿盲蝽亲代产卵前期（F = 1.239，df = 2,57，P = 0.297 3）及子代卵孵化率（F = 1.883，df = 2,57，P = 0.161 5）、成虫羽化率（F = 0.047，df = 2,12，P = 0.954 1）和性比（F = 0.815，df = 2,12，P = 0.465 9）无显著影响。雌雄性比为1∶3时，平均每头雌虫产卵量[（137.15±32.29）粒]较性比1∶1处理[（115.65±30.49）粒]显著增加18.59%（LSD = 2. 350，df = 57，P = 0.022 2）；性比为1∶2和1∶3时，子代若虫发育历期分别为（11.25±1.65）和（11.11±1.13）d，较雌雄性比1∶1处理[（10.06±1.21）d]显著提高1.18（LSD = 3.518，df = 97，P = 0.000 7）和1.05 d（LSD = 3.205，df = 97，P = 0.001 8）。此外，性比1∶2处理[雌虫（18.80±2.11）d，雄虫（17.41±4.12）d]较1∶1处理[雌虫（15.28±3.29）d，雄虫（14.77±3.14）d]子代的雌虫和雄虫寿命分别显著延长3.52（LSD = 2.980，df = 45，P = 0.004 6）和2.64 d（LSD = 2.061，df = 49，P = 0.044 6）。【结论】 雄性偏向的性比有利于促进黑肩绿盲蝽的生殖力和子代的生长发育。
英文摘要：[Aim] To clarify the effects of a
male-biased sex ratio on the fecundity and development of offspring of the
predatory mirid bug Cyrtorhinus
lividipennis, and to promote the large-scale breeding of this species as a
biological control for rice planthoppers and rice leafhoppers. [Methods] We conducted an experiment to examine the
effects of a male-biased parental sex ratio (female: male ratios of 1∶1, 1∶2, and 1∶3) on various reproductive
parameters, including pre-oviposition period, fecundity (eggs laid per female),
oviposition duration, as well as egg hatchability, nymph developmental
duration, emergence rate, sex ratio and adult lifespan, of offspring. [Results] The pre-oviposition period (F = 1.239, df = 2,57, P = 0.297 3), egg hatchability (F = 1.883, df = 2,57, P = 0.161 5), offspring emergence rate (F = 0.047, df = 2,12, P = 0.9541) and sex ratio (F = 0.815, df = 2,12, P = 0.465 9) were not significantly affected by the parental sex ratio. However,
compared to the control population [1∶1 sex ratio, (115.65±30.49) grain/female], the fecundity of a population
with a 1∶3 sex ratio was
significantly higher [(137.15±32.29) grain/female; 18.59%] (LSD = 2. 350, df = 57, P = 0.022 2). Nymphs from populations
with sex ratios of 1∶2 [(11.25±1.65) d ] and 1∶3 [(11.11±1.13) d] had prolonged developmental durations of 1.18 (LSD = 3.518, df = 97, P = 0.000 7) and 1.05 d (LSD = 3.205, df = 97, P = 0.001 8), respectively. Furthermore, the lifespan of the
offspring of a population with a 1∶2 sex ratio was 3.52 d (LSD = 2.980, df = 45, P =
0.004 6) longer for female adults [(18.80±2.11) d] and 2.64 d (LSD =
2.061, df = 49, P = 0.044 6) longer for male adults [(17.41±4.12) d] compared to the control population [female:
(15.28±3.29) d, male: (14.77±3.14) d]. [Conclusion] These results indicate that a
male-biased sex ratio has positive effects on the fertility and offspring
development of C. lividipennis.