植物源挥发物对麦田非作物生境天敌的诱集效果
Attractiveness of plant volatiles on natural enemies in non-crop habitats in wheat fields
李艳红1, 2** 张兴瑞1 苏建伟3 许永玉2 王小洲1, 2 戈 峰1***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2025.063
作者单位：1. 山东省农业科院植物保护研究所，山东省农业有害生物绿色防控重点实验室，济南 250100；2. 山东农业大学植物保护学院， 泰安 271000；3. 中国科学院动物研究所，动物多样性保护与有害动物防控全国重点实验室，北京 100101
中文关键词： 麦田；非作物生境；植物源挥发物；天敌昆虫；诱集效果
英文关键词：wheat field; non-crop habitat; plant volatile; natural enemies; attraction effect
中文摘要：
【目的】 比较7种植物源挥发物反式-β-法尼烯、橙花叔醇、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、顺-3-己烯乙酸酯、丁香酚、芳樟醇、顺式茉莉酮及其组合在麦田周围树林中对天敌的诱集效果，为麦田生态防控提供参考。【方法】 在2024年春季的麦田周围，将7种植物源挥发物组合制作成为天敌引诱球，利用在引诱球下方悬挂白色粘虫板来捕获天敌，调查被诱集的天敌数量。【结果】 浓度为10%的单一植物源挥发物橙花叔醇对食蚜蝇的诱集效果显著（P=0.046）高于对照（无植物源挥发物），比对照多87%。浓度为6.98%的橙花叔醇+6-甲基-5庚烯-2-酮组合对食蚜蝇的诱集效果显著（P=0.040）高于对照，比对照多810%；浓度为4.76%的橙花叔醇+反式-β-法尼烯对食蚜蝇（P=0.045）、瓢虫（P=0.038）的诱集效果显著也显著高于对照，分别比对照多767%和725%；但在这两个组合中再分别加入反式-β-法尼烯和6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮后，反而对害虫天敌的诱集效果与对照无显著差异（P>0.05）。【结论】 橙花叔醇与6-甲基-5庚烯-2-酮组合对食蚜蝇的诱集效果最好，橙花叔醇与反式-β-法尼烯效果次之，橙花叔醇+反式-β-法尼烯对瓢虫诱集效果最好。
英文摘要：
[Aim] Compare the attracting effects of seven kinds of plant volatile
compounds, including trans-β-Farnesene, nerolidol, 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one, cis-3-Hexenyl acetate, eugenol, linalool, cis-Jasmonanone, and
their combinations on natural enemies in the woods around wheat fields, so as
to provide a reference for the ecological prevention and control of wheat
fields. [Methods] In the spring
of 2024 around the wheat field, the seven plant volatiles were combined to
create lure balls for natural enemies. Natural enemies were captured by hanging
sticky traps under the lure balls to assess the number of captured natural
enemies. [Results] The attracting
effect of the single plant-derived volatile compound, nerolidol with a
concentration of 10%, on hoverflies is significantly higher (P=0.046)
than that of the control group (without plant-derived volatile compounds),
being 87% more than the control. The combination of nerolidol at a
concentration of 6.98% and 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one also shows a significantly
higher (P=0.040) attracting effect on hoverflies than the control, being
810% more than the control. The combination of nerolidol at a concentration of
4.76% and trans-β-Farnesene has a significantly higher attracting effect
on hoverflies (P=0.045) and ladybirds (P=0.038) than the control,
being 767% and 725% more than the control respectively. However, after adding trans-β-Farnesene
and 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one respectively to these two combinations, there is no
significant difference in the attracting effect on natural enemies of pests
compared with the control (P>0.05). [Conclusion] The combination of nerolidol and 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one
exhibits the best attraction effect on hoverflies, followed by the combination
of nerolidol and trans-β-Farnesene. The combination of nerolidol and trans-β-Farnesene
exhibits the best attraction effect on ladybirds.