狄斯瓦螨介导摩根氏菌在东方蜜蜂和西方蜜蜂群体之间交叉传播*
Varroa destructor mediated transmission of Morganella morganii between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera
张 洋** 黄 强***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.20951353.2026.115
作者单位：江西农业大学蜜蜂研究所，南昌 330045
中文关键词：摩根氏菌；东方蜜蜂；西方蜜蜂；狄斯瓦螨；交叉传播
英文关键词：Morganella morganii; Apis cerana; Apis mellifera; Varroa destructor; cross-infection
中文摘要：【目的】 研究狄斯瓦螨Varroa destructor是否能介导摩根氏菌Morganella morganii在东方蜜蜂Apis cerana与西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera之间交叉传播。【方法】 在江西省同一地理区域内，分别采集东方蜜蜂和西方蜜蜂成年工蜂体表的狄斯瓦螨，提取DNA进行宏基因组测序。基于测序数据，采用系统发育树分析、主成分分析和祖先成分分析，评估摩根氏菌在两种蜜蜂狄斯瓦螨群体间的遗传多样性与基因交流。【结果】 系统发育分析显示部分西方蜜蜂来源摩根氏菌聚类在东方蜜蜂分支中，表明存在跨宿主交叉传播。主成分分析显示部分西方蜜蜂样本在主成分空间位置上与东方蜜蜂样本重叠。祖先成分分析显示超过半数样本呈现混合祖先特征，东方蜜蜂与西方蜜蜂样本具有相似的祖先成分比例。【结论】 狄斯瓦螨可介导摩根氏菌在东方蜜蜂与西方蜜蜂之间交叉传播。
英文摘要：[Aim] To investigate whether Varroa destructor could mediate the transmission of Morganella morganii between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera. [Methods] In the same geographical area of Jiangxi Province, V. destructor mites were collected from adult worker bees of A. cerana and A. mellifera and their DNA was extracted for metagenomic sequencing. Based on sequencing data, phylogenetic analysis, principal component analysis, and ancestral component analysis were used to evaluate genetic diversity and gene flow of M. morganii between the two mite populations. [Results] Phylogenetic analysis indicated that a subset of M. morganii collected from A. mellifera colonies clustered with M. morganii from A. cerana colonies, indicating inter-species transmission. Principal component analysis also indicated overlap between M. morganii from A. mellifera colonies and that from A. cerana colonies. Ancestral component analysis revealed that over half of the samples had mixed ancestral characteristics, and that the proportions of ancestral components in A. cerana and A. mellifera samples were similar. [Conclusion] V. destructor mites mediate the transmission of M. morganii between A. cerana and A. mellifera honey bees.