三氟甲吡醚对小菜蛾生长发育和繁殖的亚致死效应*
Sublethal effects of pyridalyl on the development and reproduction of Plutella xylostella
贾变桃** 闫 坤 钟婧尹 胡希超 贾 栋***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.20951353.2026.116
作者单位：山西农业大学植物保护学院，农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室，太谷 030801
中文关键词：小菜蛾；三氟甲吡醚；毒力；亚致死效应；种群参数
英文关键词：Plutella xylostella; pyridalyl; toxicity; sublethal effect; population parameters
中文摘要：【目的】 探究三氟甲吡醚对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella的亚致死效应，为小菜蛾的防治和三氟甲吡醚的合理使用提供理论依据。【方法】 采用浸叶法测定三氟甲吡醚对小菜蛾幼虫的毒力，选取亚致死浓度LC10（1.56 mg/L）和LC25（4.37 mg/L）处理3龄幼虫，通过两性生命表法分析其对小菜蛾生长发育及种群参数的影响。【结果】 三氟甲吡醚亚致死浓度显著降低小菜蛾幼虫存活率、化蛹率、羽化率和蛹重（P < 0.05），抑制作用随浓度升高而增强，LC25处理组蛹前累计死亡率达68.50%；显著延长3龄幼虫至化蛹历期和蛹期（P < 0.05），LC25处理组3龄幼虫至化蛹历期和蛹期分别较对照组延长3.62和0.42 d；LC25处理显著缩短雌雄成虫寿命、降低羽化雌虫比例（P < 0.05），两浓度对单雌产卵量与卵孵化率无显著影响，但延迟繁殖高峰；种群净增殖率（R0）、内禀增长率（rm）、周限增长率（λ）显著下降（P < 0.05），世代历期（T）明显延长（P < 0.05），LC25处理组R0（5.41）较对照（30.30）降低82.1%。【结论】 三氟甲吡醚亚致死浓度可显著抑制小菜蛾的生长发育与种群增长，研究结果为基于亚致死效应调控小菜蛾种群及三氟甲吡醚在田间与其他药剂的合理轮换使用提供了重要的理论依据。
英文摘要：[Aim] To investigate the sublethal effects of pyridalyl on Plutella xylostella and thereby provide useful information for the control of this pest and the rational application of pyridalyl. [Methods] The toxicity of this insecticide to 3rd instar P. xylostella larvae was determined using the leaf dipping method. Larvae were treated with two sublethal concentrations, LC10 (1.56 mg/L) and LC25 (4.37 mg/L), and the effects of these treatments on their growth, development, and other population parameters, were analyzed using life tables for each sex. [Results] Sublethal concentrations of pyridalyl significantly reduced larval survival, pupation, and emergence, rates, and also reduced pupal weight (P < 0.05) in a dose dependent fashion. The cumulative pre-pupal mortality rate reached 68.50% in the LC25 treatment group. The duration of the period from the 3rd instar to pupation, the pupal stage, and the pre-adult period, were significantly prolonged (P < 0.05). The duration of the period from the 3rd instar to pupation, and the pre-adult period, of the LC25 treatment group were 68.6% and 47.5%, respectively, longer than those of the control group. The lifespan of male and female adults in the LC25 treatment group were significantly shorter, and a lower the proportion of females entered eclosion, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Neither treatment significantly affected the number of eggs laid per female or the hatching rate, but both delayed the peak of reproductive activity. The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic growth rate (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) of the population were significantly lower (P < 0.05), whereas the generation period (T) was significantly prolonged (P < 0.05). R0 of the LC25 treatment group (5.41) was 82.1% less that of the control group (30.30). [Conclusion] Sublethal concentrations of pyridalyl can significantly inhibit the development and population growth of P. xylostella. The results provide useful information for regulating P. xylostella populations with sublethal doses of pyridalyl, and for the rational rotation of pyridalyl with other pesticides.