内蒙古阿尔山地区落叶松八齿小蠹天敌及其控制作用
Natural enemies of Ips subelongatus in Aershan area of Inner Mongolia and their suppressive effects
袁菲1**,骆有庆1***,石娟1,Kari Heliovaara2,陈玉洁3,马凌云3,王先礼3
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作者单位：1北京林业大学 省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室北京100083；2赫尔辛基大学应用生物学学院 芬兰 FIN-00014； 3 内蒙古阿尔山林业局森林病虫害防治检疫站内蒙古137801
中文关键词：落叶松八齿小蠹, 天敌, 控制作用
英文关键词：Ips subelongatus, natural enemy, suppressive effect
中文摘要：
通过对内蒙古阿尔山地区落叶松八齿小蠹Ips subelongatus Motschulsky天敌的种类调查，目前共发现落叶松八齿小蠹天敌包括捕食性天敌红胸郭公虫Thanasimus substriatus Gebler，寄生性天敌暗绿截尾金小蜂Tomicobia seitneri (Ruschka)、长蠹刻鞭茧蜂Coeloides bostrichorum Giraud以及螨类、微生物。分析了天敌的自然控制作用，红胸郭公虫对落叶松八齿小蠹成虫的日均捕食率为3.1%±0.77%（落叶松八齿小蠹成虫20头和红胸郭公虫成虫1头，室外12～24℃），日最大捕食量为10.7头（1头红胸郭公虫成虫与20、40、60和80头、100头落叶松八齿小蠹成虫，室内17～25℃）；暗绿截尾金其幼虫的寄生率为6.5%；螨类对其成虫的寄生率为20.2%；而微生物对落叶松八齿小蠹幼虫的寄生率为4.3%，对蛹的寄生率为5.4%，对成虫的寄生率为2.1%。暗绿截尾金小蜂是落小蜂对落叶松八齿小蠹幼虫的寄生率为20.5%，对其蛹的寄生率为13.7%；长蠹刻鞭茧蜂对叶松八齿小蠹最有利用价值的天敌昆虫。
英文摘要： The natural enemies of Ips subelongatus Motschulsky (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) were investigated in Aershan, Inner Mongolia. The most abundant species were the predatory beetle Thanasimus substriatus Gebler (Coleoptera, Cleridae) and the parasitic wasps Tomicobia seitneri (Ruschka) (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae) and Coeloides bostrichorum Giraud (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). In addition, some yet unidentified parasitic mites and pathogenic organisms were also recorded. The natural suppressive effects of the predators and parasitoids were analysed. Average preying rate per day of T. substriatus to I. subelongatus adult was (3.1±0.77) % (20 I. subelongatus with 1 T. substriatus, 12~24℃ outdoors), and the maximum predation was 10.7 Ips beetles per day (1 T. substriatus with 20,40,60,80,100 I. subelongatus, 17~25℃ indoors). The parasitic rates of T. seitneri to I. subelongatus larvae and pupae were 20. 5 % and 13.7 %, respectively. The parasitic rate of C. bostrichorum to I. subelongatus larvae was 6.5%. The parasitic rate of mites to I. subelongatus adults was 20.2%; and the parasitic rate of pathogenic organisms to I. subelongatus was 4.3 % (larvae), 5.4 % (pupae) and 2.1 % (adults). Our results indicate that T. seitneri is probably the most potential candidate for biological control of I. subelongatus.