二种尸食性蝇类幼虫形态学变化及在法医学上的意义
Chronometrically morphological change of larvae of two species of necrophagous flies and its implication in forensic medicine
赵博1*,王贺1,王玲2,王卫杰1,李泽民1**
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作者单位：1 河北医科大学病原生物学教研室 石家庄 050017; 2 河北医科大学第四医院科研中心 石家庄 050051
中文关键词：法医昆虫学, 巨尾阿丽蝇, 大头金蝇, 死后间隔时间, 头咽骨， 气门
英文关键词：forensic entomology, Aldrichina grahami, Chrysomya megacephala, postmortem interval (PMI), cephalopharyngeal skeleton, spiracle
中文摘要：
为了满足实际工作中利用蝇类幼虫日龄推断尸体死后间隔时间的需求，采用形态观察与图像分析相结合的方法对巨尾阿丽蝇Aldrichina grahami (Aldrich)、大头金蝇Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius)幼虫前气门、后气门、头咽骨进行了研究，筛选适合日龄推断的指标。结果显示：2种尸食性蝇类幼虫前气门、后气门、头咽骨均随着时间的延长发生规律性的变化。其中，咽骨的骨化面积、平均光密度，后气门的平均光密度是最理想的判断幼虫日龄的指标，为法医昆虫学精确推断死后间隔时间提供重要的指导意义。
英文摘要： In order to satisfy the need of deducing postmortem interval (PMI) through the larval age, anterior spiracle, posterior spiracle and cephalopharyngeal skeleton of Aldrichina grahami (Aldrich) and Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) larvae were investigated to select the indexes suitable for deducing larval age through digital image combined with the morphology surveying. The results showed these structures regularly changed with larval daily growth. The indexes, including the sclerotizes area of pharyngeal sclerite, the average optical density of pharyngeal sclerite and the posterior spiracle, could be used as the ideal markers of larval age. It could provide some scientific evidences for deducing the PMI exactly.