角倍春迁蚜的羽化和生殖规律
Emergence and reproduction of spring-migrants of Schlechtendalia chinensis ( Bell )
邵淑霞
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作者单位：中国林科院资源昆虫研究所
中文关键词：角倍蚜，春迁蚜，羽化，迁飞，生殖
英文关键词： Schlechtendalia chinensis (Bell), spring migrant, emergence, migration, reproduction
中文摘要： 为了深入研究角倍蚜性母的羽化和生殖规律，以期为角倍人工培育技术的改进和产量的提高提供科学依据，本文采用直径为15 cm 的培养皿保湿培养载有角倍越冬若蚜的藓盘，并用直径5 cm 的培养皿单头培养春迁蚜，连续观察并记录了角倍蚜性母的羽化、迁飞和生殖过程。结果表明：角倍蚜性母全天均可羽化迁飞， 19 : 00的羽化量最大，为羽化总数的 42.96 % ；在18 – 22℃条件下，迁飞过程持续6天，其中前3天的迁飞量最多，为总迁飞量的73.05 % ；角倍蚜性母羽化后2 h开始产性蚜，其中24 h内产性蚜最多，为性蚜总数的84.61 % ；角倍蚜性母一生可产性蚜1 - 4次，其中56.67 % 的春迁蚜一生产性蚜2次，角倍蚜性母的产若蚜次数与产若蚜量之间呈极显著正相关；60.00 % 的角倍蚜性母可产雌、雄两种性别的性蚜，36.67 % 的角倍蚜性母一生只产雄性蚜，仅有3.33 % 的角倍蚜性母一生只能产雌性蚜；雄性蚜的产出时间平均比雌性蚜早2 h。
英文摘要： The aim of the article is studying the emergence and reproduction of spring-migrants of Schlechtendalia chinensis (Bell) in order to provide scientific basis for the improvement of artificial cultivation techniques and increase production of horned gallnut. We put Plagiomnium maxmovizii (Lindb) T. Kop. bearing overwintering S. chinensis into 15-cm Petri dishes, and when spring-migrants of S. chinensis emerged, we put them into 5-cm petri dishes, one per Petri dish. By continuous observations, we studied spring-migrants of S. chinensis’ emergence, migration and reproduction process. The result showed that spring-migrants of S. chinensis could emerge and migrate all the day, but 42.96 % of them emerged at 19: 00. On the condition of 18 – 22 ℃, the migration process lasted for 6 days, and the amount of migrating aphids in the first 3 days was the largest, 73.05 % of total. Two hours after emergence, some spring-migrants began bearing sexuales, and the number of sexuales born in the first 24 hours was the largest, and was 84.61 % of the total. Spring-migrant could bear sexuales 1 - 4 times all its life, and 56.67 % of them bore sexuales for twice. There were positive correlations between bearing times and fecundity of spring-migrant. Sixty percent of spring-migrants not only bore male, but also female sexual aphids, 36.67 % of spring-migrants only bore male sexual aphids, and the rest (3.33 %) only bore female sexual aphids. The birth time of male was 2 hours earlier than that of female in average.