稻纵卷叶螟和白背飞虱序列危害及间隔天数对水稻生理生化的影响
Effects of sequential infestation of the rice leaf folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) and white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) on the physiology and biochemistry of rice plants
蒋立奔** 朱展飞 戈林泉 吴进才***
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作者单位：扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院 扬州 225009
中文关键词：稻纵卷叶螟，白背飞虱，序列危害，蔗糖，淀粉，蔗糖合成酶，蔗糖磷酸合成酶
英文关键词：Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Sogatella furcifera, sequential infestation, sucrose, starch, sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase
中文摘要： 【目的】 为了解稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis和白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera的复合危害对水稻产量相关因子和相关酶类的影响。【方法】 本文设定两种害虫的先后危害顺序，并通过调整两者开始危害的时间，研究了受害后水稻在灌浆期根、茎和叶片中淀粉和蔗糖含量的变化以及蔗糖合成酶（Sucrose synthase, SS）和蔗糖磷酸合成酶（Sucrose phosphate synthase, SPS）活性的变化。【结果】 随着接虫量的增加，水稻不同组织内各生理指标与对照相比均显著下降。随着间隔天数的增加，先接白背飞虱为害要重于先接稻纵卷叶螟。比如叶片中蔗糖含量在先接稻纵卷叶螟的处理中随着间隔天数的增加显著增加，相应的SPS活性显著增加，间隔24 d的处理显著高于间隔6 d和12 d；而先接白背飞虱的处理中蔗糖含量与SPS活性均显著降低，间隔24 d的处理显著低于间隔6 d和12 d的处理。茎部淀粉含量在先接稻纵卷叶螟的处理中随着间隔天数的增加逐渐增加，SS活性显著增加，而先接白背飞虱的处理中淀粉含量和SS活性均显著降低；叶片中淀粉含量均随着间隔天数的增加逐渐降低，而相应的SS活性在先接稻纵卷叶螟的处理中显著增加，在先接白背飞虱的处理中相反。另外，接虫量和间隔天数间有显著的交互作用。【结论】 本研究对指导水稻生产中的“两迁害虫”防治具有潜在应用价值。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To determine the effect of sequential infestation (SI) of the rice leaf folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) and white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) on rice yield loss and on rice plant enzymes. [Methods] The effects of SI and days of infestation (DI) by the rice leaf folder (RLF) and white-backed planthopper (WBPH) on the starch and sucrose content and sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity in the roots, stems and leaves of rice plants were investigated. [Results] Starch and sucrose content, SS and SPS all decreased with increased infestation density. Prior infestation by WBPH had a greater effect on the above biochemical substances than prior infestation by RLF, even with increased DI. For example, the sucrose content and SPS activity in rice leaves subject to prior infestation by RLF significantly increased with increasing of DI so that it was significantly higher after 24 DI than at 6 and 12 DI. In contrast, sucrose content and SPS activity in rice leaves subject to prior infestation by WBPH significantly decreased so that these were significantly lower after 24 DI than at 6 and 12 DI. Similarly, starch content and SS activity in the stems of rice plants subject to prior infestation by RLF increased with increasing DI. In contrast, starch content and SS activity in the stems of rice plants subject to prior infestation by WBPH significantly decreased with increasing DI. Starch content in rice leaves decreased with increasing DI, but SS activity significantly increased in plants subject to prior RLF infestation but decreased in plants subject to prior WBPH infestation. In addition, there was a significant interaction between infestation density and DI.