一种红棕象甲人工饲料及其效果
An artificial diet for the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliver
阎 伟1，2** 李 磊1 李朝绪1 黄山春1 刘 丽1 覃伟权1***彭正强3
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2014.165
作者单位：1. 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所，文昌 571339；2. 北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；3. 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所，海口 571101
中文关键词：红棕象甲, 人工饲料, 大规模饲养, 饲养效果
英文关键词：Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, artificial diet, mass rearing, feeding result
中文摘要：
【目的】 为评价一种红棕象甲Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliver人工饲料的饲养效果。【方法】 以自然寄主大王棕和甘蔗饲养红棕象甲作对照，连续3代饲养红棕象甲，对红棕象甲各发育阶段的生长和发育指标进行调查。【结果】 用人工饲料饲养的红棕象甲幼虫历期和蛹历期（40.20 d和33.99 d）显著低于对照组（60.87 d和36.12 d；109.00 d和42.70 d），用人工饲料饲养的红棕象甲幼虫存活率（63.87%）显著高于对照组（37.99%和48.60%）。人工饲料饲养的红棕象甲，在单雌产卵量和卵孵化率方面与对照组没有显著差异，在蛹重和成虫体重方面显著小于对照组，蛹重比对照组减少了25.55%和63.87%，成虫体重比对照组减少了24.18%和35.16%。【结论】 该人工饲料可以很好的满足红棕象甲生殖发育的营养需求，且缩短了世代发育历期，适于红棕象甲种群规模化、长期饲养。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] The establishment of insect colonies under artificial conditions is important for research and the development of a set of artificial diets suitable for a variety of insect species can greatly decrease costs and improve the efficiency of maintaining such colonies. [Methods] A diet was developed using two rounds of orthogonal design methods and employed successfully in rearing three Noctuoidea species: Hyphantria cunea (Drury), Prodenia litura (Fabricius) and Lymantria dispar (L.). [Results] The diet contained wheat germ (12%), sugar (2%), casein (4.5%), agar (1.5%), choline chloride (0.05%), Wesson’s salt (1.0%), sorbic acid (0.4%), methyl p-hydroxybenzoate (0.25%), ascorbic acid (0.5%), Vanderzant’s vitamin mix (0.003%)，cholesterol (0.1%) and inositol (0.035%). [Conclusion] The three insect species reared on this diet displayed normal larval development, pupal weight, pupation and eclosion rates. This research will provide a basis for the development of artificial diets for other polyphagous insects.