贵州及南方其他部分省区茶树小绿叶蝉种类调查与考订
Investigation and taxonomic revision of green tea leafhopper species of Guizhou and other provinces in South China
于晓飞1** 孟泽洪1, 2 杨茂发1*** 周玉锋2 韩 畅1, 3 邹 晓4
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.154
作者单位：. 贵州大学昆虫研究所，贵州省山地农业病虫害重点实验室，贵州省昆虫资源开发利用特色重点实验室，贵阳 550025；2. 贵州省茶叶研究所，贵阳 550006；3. 贵州大学林学院，贵阳 550025；4. 贵州大学生命科学学院，贵阳 550025
中文关键词：茶树，小绿叶蝉，小贯小绿叶蝉，危害种，检索表，鉴别特征，贵州
英文关键词：tea, tea green leafhopper, Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii, damage species, key, diagnostic characteristics, Guizhou
中文摘要： 【目的】 为进一步明确国内争议颇大的为害茶树的小绿叶蝉种类问题。【方法】 通过网捕法采集贵州、重庆、海南、福建4省（区）茶园的小绿叶蝉昆虫标本，在体视镜下根据外部形态并结合雄性外生殖器特征进行种类鉴定。【结果】 检视了44个茶园2 988号小绿叶蝉标本，共有7种：小贯小绿叶蝉Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii Matsuda、烟翅小绿叶蝉Empoasca (Empoasca) limbifera (Matsumura)、拟小茎小绿叶蝉Empoasca (Empoasca) paraparvipenis Zhang & Liu、广道小绿叶蝉Empoasca (Empoasca) hiromichii (Matsumura)、匀突长柄叶蝉Alebroides shirakiellus (Matsumura)、叉突长柄叶蝉Alebroides similis Dworakowska和里偏小叶蝉Asymmetrasca rybiogon Dworakowska，以小贯小绿叶蝉数量最多（98.90%），匀突长柄叶蝉（0.57%）和拟小茎小绿叶蝉(0.335%)次之，其余种类个体数量极少且分布狭窄。【结论】 综合分析7种茶园小绿叶蝉的个体数量及分布范围后认为，小贯小绿叶蝉、匀突长柄叶蝉和拟小茎小绿叶蝉为茶树危害种，其中优势种是小贯小绿叶蝉。其他4种小绿叶蝉目前尚不能确定是否是茶树的危害种类。我国大量文献记载的假眼小绿叶蝉Empoasca (Empoasca) vitis (Göthe)应系误鉴，并非中国茶区小绿叶蝉优势种发生了改变，建议及时更正。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To further clarify the classification of green tea leafhopper species. [Methods] Specimens were collected by netting in Guizhou, Chongqing, Hainan and Fujian provinces, and identified on the basis of differences in male genitalia under a stereomicroscope. [Results] 2 988 specimens from 44 tea shrubs were examined and seven species identified; Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii Matsuda、Empoasca (Empoasca) limbifera (Matsumura)、Empoasca (Empoasca) paraparvipenis Zhang & Liu、Empoasca (Empoasca) hiromichii (Matsumura)、Alebroides shirakiellus (Matsumura)、Alebroides similis Dworakowska and Asymmetrasca rybiogon Dworakowska. The largest taxa were, in order of abundance, Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii Matsuda, 1952 (98.90%), Alebroides shirakiellus (Matsumura, 1931) (0.57%) and Empoasca (Empoasca) paraparvipenis Zhang & Liu, 2008 (0.335%). Other species comprised only a small fraction of the total samples and had a narrow distribution. [Conclusion] In terms of abundance and distribution, Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii Matsuda, Empoasca (Empoasca) paraparvipenis Zhang & Liu and Alebroides shirakiellus (Matsumura) are the most important pest species among the seven species identified. The dominant species on tea plants in Guizhou was Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii Matsuda, 1952, it is not certain if the other species were feeding on tea or not. Records of Empoasca (Empoasca) vitis (Göthe) are probably a case of misidentification rather than a change in the dominant species.