氟虫腈防治红火蚁对绿地蚂蚁群落多样性的影响
Effects of using fipronil to control Solenopsis invicta Buren on antcolony diversity in a greenbelt
刘 杰1, 2** 齐国君2*** 吕利华2 何余容3
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.166
作者单位：1. 广州市越秀区疾病预防控制中心，广州 510055；2. 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室，广州 510640；3. 华南农业大学农学院，广州 510642
中文关键词：红火蚁，化学防治，蚂蚁群落，多样性
英文关键词：Solenopsis invicta Buren, chemical control, ant colony, diversity
中文摘要： 【目的】 研究饵剂点播、饵剂撒播、药剂灌巢3种不同处理方法防治红火蚁Solenopsis invicta对绿地蚂蚁群落多样性的影响，为绿地红火蚁的防治与本地蚂蚁的保护利用提供科学依据。【方法】 在广州市南沙区绿化地，采用掉落式陷阱法调查研究绿地的蚂蚁群落结构，并对比分析饵剂点播、饵剂撒播、药剂灌巢对蚂蚁群落多样性的影响。【结果】 （1）在饵剂点播、饵剂撒播、药剂灌巢和对照4个处理区中共采集到44
361头蚂蚁，分属于8个亚科，33个种；（2）防治前后各处理区之间的蚂蚁种类数变化不大，但其蚂蚁数量却存在明显差异；（3）防治前不同处理类型之间的蚂蚁群落多样性指数无显著差异，防治后仅有药剂灌巢区的蚂蚁多样性指数显著升高。【结论】 化学防治可以改变蚂蚁的群落结构，药剂灌巢的处理方法可以显著降低蚂蚁的种群数量，并显著提高其处理区的蚂蚁多样性，适用于城市绿地的红火蚁防控。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To provide a scientific basis for improving control of Solenopsis invicta and protection of local ants, the effects of three kinds of methods for controlling S. invicta; baiting individual mounds, broadcasting baits, and drenching, on ant colony diversity in a greenbelt were investigated. [Methods] Ant colony structure was investigated by the pitfall trap method in green spaces in Nansha District, Guangzhou City, and the diversity index of the ant community following application of the three kinds of control methods analyzed and compared. [Results] (1) A total of 44 361 ants belonging to 8 subfamilies and 33 species were collected in the four treatment sites. (2) There was little change in the ant species diversity of the different treatment sites before and after control, but there were obvious differences in ant abundance before and after control. (3) There were no significant differences in the diversity of different treatment sites before control was applied, but the diversity of the drenching site significantly increased. [Conclusion] Chemical control can change ant colony structure. Because drenching can both significantly reduce the number of ants and increase ant colony diversity, it is the most suitable treatment for the control of S. invicta in greenbelts.