冷驯化对茶尺蠖抗寒性生理指标的影响
Effects of cold hardening on physiological indices related to cold tolerance in Ectropis obliqua pupaes
段小凤1, 3** 王晓庆3 李品武2*** 田景涛1 彭 萍3*** 陈世春3
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.171
作者单位：1. 铜仁职业技术学院，铜仁 554300；2. 四川农业大学园艺学院，雅安 625014； 3. 重庆市农业科学院茶叶研究所，永川 402160
中文关键词：茶尺蠖，冷驯化，过冷却点，抗寒性，生理机制，抗逆酶活性
英文关键词： Ectropis obliqua Prout, cold hardening, supercooling point, cold hardiness, physiological mechanisms, stress-tolerance enzymatic activities
中文摘要： 【目的】 冷驯化作为一种有效提高耐寒能力的途径，在昆虫对环境温度变化的适应中发挥重要作用，是当前昆虫耐寒性研究的热点。为了解茶尺蠖Ectropis oblique (Prout)对冷驯化的生理响应机制，本文研究了不同冷驯化对茶尺蠖抗寒性生理指标的影响。【方法】 分别对茶尺蠖快速冷驯化0℃2 h、5℃2 h，长时间冷驯化5℃24 h、5℃48 h，利用热电偶方法测定了茶尺蠖的过冷却点，采用生理生化测定法研究了其体内的抗寒性生理指标的变化。【结果】 长时间冷驯化处理使茶尺蠖过冷却点显著降低；虫体内含水量显著降低；脂质和糖原含量显著增加；蛋白质含量略有增加但无显著差异；过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）3种保护酶活性显著升高及ATP能量代谢酶活显著降低。短时间冷驯化使茶尺蠖过冷却点显著降低；虫体内含水量降低但差异不显著；脂质、糖原和蛋白质含量显著升高；POD、CAT、SOD 3种保护酶活性及ATP能量代谢酶活分别显著升高和降低。【结论】 长时间冷驯化和快速冷驯化均能提高茶尺蠖耐寒性，虫体内的水分、脂肪、糖原、蛋白质等含量以及抗逆酶活性变化的综合反映。本研究结果对深入研究茶尺蠖越冬策略以及结合气候条件确定茶尺蠖的分布，为评价田间死亡率及预测翌年发生程度提供重要依据，对制定防治措施具有重要现实意义。
(1. Tongren Polytechnic College, Tongren 554300,
China; 2. College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University,
Ya’an 625014, China; 3. Tea Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of
Agricultural Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China)
Abstract
英文摘要：[Objectives] To explore the physiological mechanisms by which Ectropis obliqua (Prout) responds to cold hardening. [Methods] E. obliqua pupae were exposed to 0℃ and 5℃ for 2 h (rapid cold hardening), or 5℃ for 24 h and 48 h (cold acclimation). A thermocouple was used to measure supercooling points, and physiological indices related to cold tolerance were measured. [Results] The supercooling points and water content of E. obliqua pupae were significantly depressed, lipid and glycogen content significantly increased, protein content slightly increased, the activity of three protective enzymes (POD,CAT and SOD) significantly increased, and ATP activity was significantly depressed, by cold acclimation. The supercooling points of E. obliqua pupae were significantly depressed, water content slightly depressed, lipid, glycogen and protein content significantly increased, POD,CAT and SOD activity were significantly increased, and ATP activity significantly depressed, by rapid cold hardening. [Conclusion] The observed changes in water, lipid, glycogen, protein content and enzymatic activity suggest that cold acclimation and rapid cold hardening can make E. obliqua more cold tolerant. These results can improve understanding of the overwintering strategies of E. oblique, estimating the distribution of this species based on climatic conditions, and provide an important basis for predicting mortality and forecasting abundance in the field, all of which are important for improving prevention and control measures for this pest.