【目的】 本文研究了黑胸散白蚁Reticulitermes chinensis和台湾乳白蚁Coptotermes formosanus对镇江几种常见木材树种的取食偏好性，分析了白蚁种类和木材品种对白蚁取食偏好性和死亡率的影响，以期为本地区白蚁治理及预防提供科学依据。【方法】 采取白蚁非选择性取食试验，研究两种白蚁分别取食香樟Cinnamonum campora、银杏Ginkgo biloba、水杉Metasequoia glyptostrodoides、垂柳Salix babylonica、广玉兰Magnolia grandiflora、枇杷树Eriobotrya japonica、马尾松Pinus massoniana 7种树种食料的取食偏好和死亡率，取食偏好采用白蚁取食率，即每克白蚁每天取食量（mg）评价。试验数据采用多因素方差分析。【结果】 方差分析结果表明，白蚁种类和不同木材对白蚁取食率和死亡率均影响显著。在供试的7种木材中，黑胸散白蚁最喜食垂柳和马尾松，其取食率分别为31.46和30.59 mg；台湾乳白蚁最喜食马尾松、水杉和银杏，其取食率分别为26.53、21.82和21.81 mg。两种白蚁对银杏、垂柳、广玉兰这3种木材的取食率有显著差异，而对其他4种木材的取食率差异不显著。【结论】 白蚁取食率和死亡率受白蚁种类和木材品种影响明显。7种供试木材中，两种白蚁都对马尾松显示出明显偏好，且死亡率最低。

 [Objectives]  To investigate the food preference of Reticulitermes chinensis and Coptotermes formosanus for wood of some common tree species in the Zhenjiang area, the influence of termites and wood species on termite feeding preferences and mortality were analyzed. This study provides a scientific basis for future termite control and prevention. [Methods]  The experimental design was a no-choice test designed to test feeding preferences and mortality of two termites species with respect to 7 different wood species, including Cinnamonum campora, Ginkgo biloba, Metasequoia glyptostrodoides, Salix babylonica, Magnolia grandiflora, Eriobotrya japonica and Pinus massoniana. The termites’ feeding preferences were determined by wood consumption rate, i.e. mg wood/gram of termite/day. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. [Results]  The results show that both termite species and wood source had a significant effect on wood consumption rate and mortality. Among the tested 7 wood types，the most preferred by R. chinensis were those of S. babylonica and P.massoniana woods, which had consumption rates of 31.46 and 30.59 mg/g body weight/day, respectively. For C. formosanus, the most preferred wood types were those of P. massoniana, M. glyptostrodoides, and G. biloba, with respective consumption rates of 26.53, 21.82 and 21.81 mg/g body weight/day. Two termite species showed significant differences in wood consumption rates when feeding on the wood of G. biloba, S. babylonica and M.grandiflora, but no significant differences were apparent with respect to wood from the other four tree species. [Conclusion]  This investigation shows that both wood consumption rate and termite mortality are significantly influenced by termite and tree species. Two termite species had significant preferences for the wood of different trees, but in general, the lowest termite mortality was observed when termites fed on P. massoniana wood.