烟碱对假眼小绿叶蝉和茶尺蠖的忌避（拒食）活性
Repellent and appetite-suppressive effect of nicotine on Empoascavitis and Ectropis obliqua
李喜旺1, 2** 张 瑾1, 2 辛肇军1, 2 吕闰强3 金李孟3 叶小江3 孙晓玲
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2016.068
作者单位：1. 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所, 杭州 310008；2. 农业部茶树生物学与资源利用重点实验室，杭州 310008；3. 御茶村茶业有限公司，绍兴 312037
中文关键词：烟碱，假眼小绿叶蝉，茶尺蠖，驱避，拒食，防效
英文关键词：nicotine, Empoasca vitis G?the, Ectropis obliqua Prout, repellent, antifeeding and control efficacy
中文摘要：
【目的】 尼古丁是茄科植物的重要生物碱，本文首次确定了硫酸烟碱对假眼小绿叶蝉Empoasca vitis Göthe的驱避作用和田间防效，以及不同浓度硫酸烟碱对茶尺蠖Ectropis obliqua Prout的拒食作用。【方法】 使用Y形嗅觉仪和T形观测室研究了假眼小绿叶蝉对硫酸烟碱的行为反应，使用叶碟法测试了硫酸烟碱对茶尺蠖的拒食作用。【结果】 硫酸烟碱600倍稀释液和800倍稀释液处理茶梢分别对叶蝉若虫的寄主选择行为和雌成虫的产卵具有显著的驱避作用；田间喷施硫酸烟碱对假眼小绿叶蝉的防治效果较好。此外，硫酸烟碱对茶尺蠖幼虫具有拒食作用，并且拒食作用随着取食时间的延长而增强，取食8 d以后，死亡率显著高于对照。【结论】 本研究结果为开发茶树害虫的植物源忌避（拒食）剂提供一定的科学参考。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] Nicotine is an important alkaloid in the eggplant. The repellent effect and field control efficacy of nicotine sulfate against Empoasca vitis Göthe, and the appetite-suppressive effect of nicotine sulfate on Ectropis obliqua, were investigated for the first time. [Methods] A Y-tube olfactometer and T-shaped test chamber were used to test the behavioral responses of E.vitis to nicotine sulfate, and leaf discs were used to test the appetite-suppressive effect of nicotine sulfate on E. obliqua. [Results] The results indicate that tea shoots treated with a 600 or 800 parts dilution of nicotine sulfate were significantly repellent to tea leaf-hopper larvae and deterred oviposition by female adults. The field control efficacy of nicotine sulfate was sufficient to prevent the infestation of tea plants by tea leaf hoppers. Nicotine sulfate was also an effective appetite suppressant of E. obliqua larvae, an effect that increased with the duration of feeding. The mortality of treated E. obliqua larvae was significantly higher than that of the control group after feeding for 8 d. [Conclusion] Our results provide a scientific reference for developing effective repellants for tea pests.